ﻧﻈﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺧﻠﺪﻭﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻛﺘﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ

Authors

  • Alif Cahya Setiyadi Universitas Darussalam Gontor

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21111/lisanudhad.v1i1.435

Abstract

ﺇﳕﺎ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﻇﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﺇﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ، ﻓﺎﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻬﺎ ﻭﺣﺪﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺑﲔ ﺳﺎﺋﺮ ﳐﻠﻮﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﷲ. ﺇﻧﻪ ﻳﻮﻟﺪ ﻭﻣﻌﻪ ﺃﻋﻀﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ ﻟﻠﻜﻼﻡ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻟﺪﻳﻪ ﻗﺪﺭﺍﺕ ﻋﻘﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻟﻠﺤﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻧﺼﻴﺐ، ﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻛﺘﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ. ﰲ ﳎﺎﻝ ﺍﻛﺘﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﻋﺪﺓ ﻧﻈﺮﻳﺎﺕ، ﺗﺘﻤﺎﻳﺰ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻠﻖ ﻧﻈﺮﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻢ ﻭﺭﺍﺀ ﺇﲤﺎﻡ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻛﺘﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ. ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺸﻬﻮﺭﺓ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻮﻛﻴﺔ، ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﻳﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻴﺔ، ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﻳﺔ ﻓﻄﺮﻳﺔ ﺃﻱ ﺃﻫﻼﻧﻴﺔ. ﻓﻤﻦ ﺑﲔ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﻨﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﳌﻠﻮﻧﺔ ﻭﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﻻﺑﻦ ﺧﻠﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺮﺓ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻛﺘﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻷﻡ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻘﺎﺭﺏ ﻧﻈﺮﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺎﺕ ﱂ ﺗﻨﺎﻝ ﺍﻻﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ، ﻣﻊ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻣﻔﻜﺮ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺑﺄﰊ ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻉ ﻭﻋﺎﱂ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺱ ﻭﻓﻴﻠﺴﻮﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ، ﻭﻗﻴﻞ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻟﻐﻮﻳﲔ ﻋﻈﻴﻢ. ﻭﺗﺘﻜﻠﻢ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻟﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻧﻈﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻛﺘﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻷﻡ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺧﻠﺪﻭﻥ ﻭﺗﺸﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻳﺔ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻉ، ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺑﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﳌﺠﺘﻤﻊ، ﻷﻥ ﻫﻲ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻭﻭﺳﻴﻄﺔ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻠﺘﻬﻢ.

Downloads

Published

2014-06-08

How to Cite

Setiyadi, A. C. (2014). ﻧﻈﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺧﻠﺪﻭﻥ ﰲ ﺍﻛﺘﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ. Lisanudhad: Jurnal Bahasa, Pembelajaran, Dan Sastra Arab, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.21111/lisanudhad.v1i1.435

Issue

Vol. 1 No. 1 (2014): Lisanudhad: Jurnal Bahasa, Pembelajaran dan Sastra Arab

Section

Articles

License

Authors who publish with this Journal agree to the following terms:

  1. Author retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a creative commons attribution license that allow others to share the work within an acknowledgement of the work’s authorship and initial publication of this journal.
  2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangement for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal’s published version of the work (e.g. acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal).
  3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g. in institutional repositories or on their websites) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published works.

Most read articles by the same author(s)