ISOLASI DAN KARAKTERISASI PARSIAL ENZIM SELULASE BAKTERI SELULOLITIK HASIL ISOLASI DARI LIMBAH PADAT TAPIOKA (ONGGOK)

Authors

  • Rhytia Ayu C. Putri Jurusan Teknologi Hasil Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya
  • Agustin Krisna Wardani Jurusan Teknologi Hasil Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21111/atj.v2i2.3133

Abstract

Proses hidrolisis bahan berselulosa tinggi memerlukan perlakuan pendahuluan untuk memisahkan lignin dan hemiselulosa dari selulosa, tetapi proses ini kurang efisien dan tidak ramah lingkungan. Enzim selulase adalah alternatif untuk menghidrolisa selulosa karena sifat kerja enzim yang spesifik dan tidak menghasilkan limbah yang berbahaya serta diharapkan mampu membantu memudahkan proses perlakuan pendahuluan. Bakteri selulolitik penghasil enzim selulase dapat diisolasi dari limbah pertanian yang banyak mengandung selulosa seperti limbah padat tapioka (onggok). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 2 isolat yaitu TO4 dan TO5 merupakan isolat yang potensial menghasilkan selulase. Enzim selulase dari isolat TO4 dan TO5 memiliki aktivitas optimum pada pH 5 dan suhu 50°C dengan aktivitas enzim selulase sebesar 0,597 U/mg untuk TO4 dan 0,557 U/mg untuk TO5. Hasil uji kemampuan enzim dalam hidrolisis bahan berselulosa tinggi seperti bagas tebu menunjukkan bahwa enzim selulase dari isolat TO4 mampu menghidrolisis selulosa pada bagas tebu sebanyak 15,8% setelah direaksikan selama 120 jam.Kata kunci:Bakteri Selulolitik, Bagas Tebu, Onggok, Selulase, Selulosa

References

Abas, N., Kalair, A., Khan, N. 2015. Review of Fossil Fuels and Future Energy Technologies. Future, Volume 69, pp. 31-49. DOI: 10.1016/j.futures.2015.03.003

Amenaghawon, N. A., Ogbeide, S. E., Okieimen, C. O. 2014. Application of Statistical Experimental Design for the Optimisation of Dilute Sulphuric Acid Hydrolysis of Cassava Bagasse. Acta Polytechnica Hungarica, Volume 11 (9). DOI: 10.12700/APH.11.09.2014. 09.14.

Ariffin, H., N. Abdullah, M.S. Umi Kalsom, and Y. Shirai. 2006. Production and Characterization of Cellulase by Bacillus pumilus EB3. International Journal of Engineering and Technology, Volume 3(1) pp. 47-53.

Badan Pusat Statistik. Produksi Ubi Kayu Menurut Provinsi (ton), 1993-2015. [diakses pada 26 Oktober 2018]. Tersedia dari: https://www.bps.go.id/linkTableDinamis/view/id/880

Demirkan, E., Baygın, E., Usta, A. 2014. Screening of Phytate Hydrolysis Bacillus sp. Isolated from Soil and Optimization of The Certain Nutritional and Physical Parameters on The Production of Phytase. Turkish Journal of Biochemistry, Volume 39 (2), pp. 206–214. DOI: 10.5505/tjb.2014.26817.

Festucci-Buselli, R. A., Otoni, W. C., and Joshi, C. P. 2007. Structure, Organization, and Functions of Cellulose Synthase Complexes in Higher Plants. Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology, Volume 19(1), pp. 1-13. DOI: 10.1590/S1677-04202007000100001.

Juturu, V., and Wu, J. C. 2014. Microbial Cellulases: Engineering, Production and Applications. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Volume 33, pp. 188-203. DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2014.01.077.

Kasana, R. C, Salwan, R., Dhar, H., Dutt, S., Gulati, A. 2008. A Rapid and Easy Method for the Detection of Microbial Cellulases on Agar Plates Using Gram’s Iodine. Current Mikrobiology, Volume 57, pp. 503-507. DOI: 10.1007/s00284-008-9276-8.

Khatiwada, P., Ahmed, J., Sohag, M. H., Islam, K., and Azad, A. K. 2016. Isolation, Screening and Characterization of Cellulase Producing Bacterial Isolates from Municipal Solid Wastes and Rice Straw Wastes. Journal of Bioprocess Biotechniques, Volume 6(4). DOI: 10.4172/2155-9821.1000280.

Lawal, S. A., and Ugheoke, B. I. 2010. Investigation of Alpha-Cellulose Content of Agro-Waste Products as Alternatives for Paper Production. AU Journal of Technology, Volume 13(4), pp. 258-260.

Meryandini, A., Wahyu W., Besty M., Titi C.S., Nisa R., Hasrul S. 2009. Isolasi Bakteri Selulolitik dan Karakterisasi Enzimnya. Makara Journal of Science, Volume 13(1), pp. 33-38. DOI: 10.7454/mss.v13i1.369.

Ogazi, A. C., Aneke, A. G., and Afolabi. A. S. 2013. Optimization of Alpha Cellulose Production using an African Grass (Penicum maximum). International Conference on Chemical, Mining and Metallurgical Engineering (CMME'2013). Johannesburg (South Africa) 27-28 November 2013.

Orji, F. A., Dike, E. N., Lawal, A. K., Sadiq, A. O., Suberu, Y., Famotemi, A. C., Ugbana, A. I., Fashola, F., Ita, B., Olatope, S. O., Itoandoan, E. E., Adefiranye, A. O., dan Elemo, G. N. 2016. Properties of Bacillus species Cellulase Produced Using Cellulose from Brewers Spent Grain (BSG) as Substrate. Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology, Volume 7(3), pp. 142-148. DOI: 10.4236/abb.2016.73013.

Robak, K. and Balcerek, M. 2018. Review of Second-Generation Bioethanol Production from Residual Biomass. Food Technology and Biotechnology, Volume 56(2), pp. 174-187. DOI: 10.17113/ftb.56.02.18.5428.

Samsuri, M., M. Gozan, R. Mardias, M. Baiquni, H. Hermansyah, A. Wijanarko, B. Prasetya, M. Nasikin. 2007. Pemanfaatan Selulosa Bagas Untuk Produksi Ethanol Melalui Sakarifikasi dan Fermentasi Serentak dengan Enzim Xylanase. Makara Journal of Technology, Volume 11(1), pp. 17-24. DOI: 10.7454/mst.v11i1.437.

Sivakumar, N., Al-Zadjali, A., Al-Bahry, S., Elshafie, A., and Eltayeb, E. A. 2016. Isolation and characterization of cellulolytic Bacillus licheniformis from compost. African Journal of Biotechnology, Volume 15(43), pp. 2434-2446. DOI: 10.5897/AJB2016.15641.

Sun, Y. and J. Cheng. 2002. Hydrolysis of Lignocellulosic Material from Ethanol Production: A Review. Bioresouce Technology, Volume 83(7), pp. 1-11. DOI: 10.1016/S0960-8524(01)00212-7.

Downloads

Published

2018-11-01

Issue

Vol. 2 No. 2 (2018): Agroindustrial Technology Journal

Section

Articles

License

The author whose published manuscript approved the following provisions:

1. The right of publication of all material published in the journal / published in the Agroindustrial Technology Journal is held by the editorial board with the knowledge of the author (moral rights remain the author of the script).

2. The formal legal provisions for access to digital articles of this electronic journal are subject to the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0), which means that Agroindustrial Technology Journal reserves the right to save, transmit media or format, Database), maintain, and publish articles without requesting permission from the Author as long as it keeps the Author's name as the owner of Copyright.
3. Printed and electronically published manuscripts are open access for educational, research and library purposes. In addition to these objectives, the editorial board shall not be liable for violations of copyright law.