EFEKTIFITAS TERAPI GIZI MEDIS TERHADAP PERBAIKAN ASUPAN MAKRONUTRIEN PASIEN STROKE ISKEMIK

Penulis

  • Asysyifa Riana Institut Kesehatan Immanuel Indonesia
  • Yuliati Widiastuti Institut Kesehatan Immanuel Indonesia
  • Ayu Reza Institut Kesehatan Immanuel Indonesia
  • Miranti Gutawa Konsil Gizi Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21111/dnj.v8i2.11842

Kata Kunci:

Makronutrien, Stroke, Terapi Gizi Medis

Abstrak

Latar Belakang: Terapi gizi medis mulai dari tahapan pengkajian, diagnosa gizi, intervensi hingga monitoring dan evaluasi gizi pada pasien stroke sangat penting diterapkan, melalui pemberian makan yang tepat sesuai kebutuhan gizi dan daya terima pasien. Data World Stroke Organization tahun 2022 menunjukkan 1 dari 4 orang diperkirakan mengalami stroke. Tujuan : Mengetahui efektifitas terapi gizi medis terhadap perbaikan asupan makronutrien pasien stroke iskemik sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Metode: Desain penelitian pre-experiment yang melibatkan 55 orang sampel melalui teknik accidental sampling. Pengumpulan data melalui pengukuran antropometri, recall 24 jam, observasi dengan formulir comstock dan rekam medik. Analisa data menggunakan uji statistik dependent paired t-test (tingkat kepercayaan 95%). Hasil : Penelitian menunjukkan 56,4% responden berjenis kelamin laki - laki, 61,8% responden dengan stroke infark berusia  ≥ 60 tahun dan sebagian besar responden (74,5%) disertai dengan hipertensi, diabetes melitus, coronary artery disease (CAD) dan dislipidemia. Sebelum intervensi gizi, sebagian besar asupan makronutrien responden berada pada kategori defisit tingkat berat (98% - 100%). Setelah intervensi terdapat peningkatan asupan protein pada responden sebesar 8,3%, asupan karbohidrat 9,1% dan asupan lemak 14,7%. Hasil uji dependent paired t-test diperoleh nilai signifikansi 0,000 (p<0,05), secara statistik terdapat perbedaan signifikan sebelum dan setelah terapi gizi medis. Simpulan: Responden penelitian mengalami perbaikan asupan protein 1,8% dan asupan lemak 7,3% dengan peningkatan rata - rata asupan makronutrien sebesar 12%. Terapi gizi medis sangat penting dan terbukti efektif dalam memperbaiki asupan makronutrien untuk penyembuhan pasien stroke, meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien serta mempersingkat lama perawatan di rumah sakit.

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2024-11-07

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Vol 8 No 2 (2024): Darussalam Nutrition Journal

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