Efek konsumsi bahan makanan yang mengandung beban glikemik terhadap kadar glukosa darah

Penulis

  • Elida Soviana Program Studi Ilmu Gizi, Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
  • Citra Pawestri RSUD Kabupaten Belitung Timur, Kompleks Perkantoran Terpadu Manggarawan Manggar Kabupaten Belitung Timur

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21111/dnj.v4i2.4047

Kata Kunci:

Beban Glikemik, Diabetes Melitus, Kadar Glukosa Darah, Karbohidrat

Abstrak

Latar Belakang: Gejala dan diagnosa diabetes melitus meningkat pada usia dewasa akhir, lansia awal sampai dengan usia ≤ 65 tahun. Jumlah asupan kabohidrat mempengaruhi beban glikemik secara langsung. Beban glikemik merupakan parameter untuk mengetahui kecepatan glukosa pada suatu makanan untuk masuk ke peredaran darah, jika beban glikemik yang dikonsumsi meningkat maka secara perlahan terjadi peningkatan glukosa darah dan insulin. Tujuan : mengetahui efek beban glikemik dengan kadar glukosa darah lansia. Metode: Penelitian ini termasuk studi crossectional dengan sampel 30 responden yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi. Pengambilan sampel dengan teknik consecutive sampling. Beban glikemik dihitung menggunakan food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) semi kuantitatif dengan menghitung rata-rata asupan karbohidrat selama 1 bulan terakhir. Beban glikemik didapat dari hasil kali antara karbohidrat dalam bahan makanan dengan indeks glikemik makanan tersebut. Kadar glukosa darah puasa diukur dengan menggunakan alat spektrofotometer dengan satuan mg/dL. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah pearson product moment. Hasil: Sebanyak 20 (66,7%) responden memiliki beban glikemik kategori tinggi dan 19 ( 63,3%) responden memiliki kadar glukosa darah puasa kategori tinggi. Hasil uji analisis antara beban glikemik dengan kadar glukosa darah puasa menunjukkan nilai p = 0,001. Kesimpulan: Beban glikemik berhubungan dengan kadar glukosa darah pada lansia di Paguyuban Diabetes Melitus Surakarta.Background: The symptoms and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus increased in late adulthood, early elderly up to ≤ 65 years old. The amount of carbohydrate intake directly affect glycemic load. Glycemic load is a parameter to determine the speed of glucose in a food to enter the blood circulation, if the glycemic load consumed increases, there will be an increase in blood glucose and insulin. Objective: to determine the association of glycemic load to blood glucose level in elderly. Method:This is a cross sectional study with a total of 30 respondens were chosen based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria using consecutive sampling technique. Glycemic load was obtained from the average of 1 month carbohydrate intake by using 1 month semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Glycemic load is obtained by multiplying carbohydrates and the glycemic index in food. Fasting blood glucose levels were measured using a spectrophotometer by unit mg/dL. All data were analyzed using pearson product moment. Results: 20 (66.7%) respondents had a high glycemic load and 19 (63.3%) respondents had a high fasting blood glucose level. The statistical analysis shows that there is an association between glycemic load and fasting blood glucose levels (p=0.001). Conclusion: Glycemic load is related to blood glucose levels in Paguyuban Diabetes Melitus Surakarta.

Referensi

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2020-11-20

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Vol 4 No 2 (2020): Darussalam Nutrition Journal

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