From The Tweets To Street: The Production of #GejayanMemanggil Movement Discourses and Frames
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21111/ejoc.v6i2.7013Keywords:
Keywords, framing, GejayanMemanggil, social media, social movement.Abstract
On September 23, 2019, the people of Yogyakarta gathered to respond to the call for protest echoed by People Movement Alliance (Aliansi Rakyat Bergerak) on social media through the hashtag #GejayanMemanggil (Gejayan Calling). At least 5000 people had joined in the protest and successfully circulated the demands to the public through social media, making the hashtag the largest social protest in Yogyakarta after the reformation era. Instead of explaining the importance of the role of social media on social movements, this article focuses on how movement discourse is shaped, collective identities and ideological enemies are constructed, demand is invoked, and calls to action are articulated. The qualitative method with social movement framing analysis was employed to examine the meaning of the discourse and framing of the people in the protest movement. The data in this article were retrieved from interviews with the protesters, online observation and desk research. The results indicate that the hashtag produced a set of frames, covering two main orders of discourse – the marginalization of civilians from the decision-making process and the distribution of material focusing merely on some elites. The author contends that the hashtag acts as an inclusive, flexible and leaderless movement.References
Aliansi Rakyat Bergerak. (2019). Kajian Aliansi Rakyat Bergerak: Mengajukan Klaim atas Narasi Demokrasi Alternatif di Ruang Publik. Amnesty international. (2018). Pembunuhan Dan Impunitas Di Papua: Sudah, Kasi Tinggal Dia Mati. 15–21. https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/ASA2181982018INDONESIAN.PDF Aouragh, M., & Alexander, A. (2011). The Egyptian experience: Sense and nonsense of the internet revolution. International Journal of Communication, 5. Belarminus, R. (2019). KALEIDOSKOP 2019: Kerusuhan di Papua, Buntut Kasus Rasial dan Hoaks. https://regional.kompas.com/read/2019/12/30/07000031/kaleidoskop-2019--kerusuhan-di-papua-buntut-kasus-rasial-dan-hoaks?page=all Bellei, C., & Cabalin, C. (2013). Chilean Student Movements: Sustained Struggle to Transform a Market-oriented Educational System. Current Issues in Comparative Education, 15(2), 108–123. Cammaerts, Bart &Carpentier, N. (2007). Reclaiming the Media Communication Rights Edited by Bart Cammaerts (Issue May 2018). Cammaerts, B. (2015). Social Media and Activism. The International Encyclopedia of Digital Communication and Society, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118767771.wbiedcs083 Cammaerts, B. (2018). The circulation of anti-austerity protest. In The Circulation of Anti-Austerity Protest. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70123-3 Castells, M. (2010). The Rise of the Network Society. Wiley Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444319514 Chen, J., & Dobratz, B. (2015). Framing identity in social movements: The identity and the Chinese government interpretation of the Tibet separatists. 10009298, 111. http://ezproxy.lib.uts.edu.au/login?url=https://search.proquest.com/docview/1762525001?accountid=17095%0Ahttp://find.lib.uts.edu.au/search.do?N=0&Ntk=Journal_Search&Ntx=matchallpartial&Ntt=%0Ahttp://sfx.lib.uts.edu.au/sfx_local?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val Eltantawy, N., & Wiest, J. B. (2011). Social media in the Egyptian revolution: reconsidering resource mobilization theory. International Journal of Communication, 5, 1207-1224. Eriyanto, E. (2012). Analisis Framing Konstruksi, Ideologi, dan Politik Media (cetakan IV). LKiS. Fahmi, I. (2019a). #GejayanMemanggil. Retrieved April 4, 2021, from https://pers.droneemprit.id/gejayanmemanggil Fahmi, I. (2019b). Dialektika Narasi dalam Aksi #MahasiswaBergerak. Retrieved August 8, 2021, from https://www.slideshare.net/IsmailFahmi3/dialektika-narasi-dalam-aksi-mahasiswabergerak Firdausi, F. A. (2019). Sejarah Demonstrasi Mahasiswa yang Mengancam Menumbangkan Rezim. https://tirto.id/sejarah-demonstrasi-mahasiswa-yang-mengancam-menumbangkan-rezim-eiBo Fuadi, A. (2020). Social media power for protest in Indonesia: The Yogyakarta’s #gejayanmemanggil case study. Jurnal Studi Komunikasi (Indonesian Journal of Communications Studies), 4(3), 541. https://doi.org/10.25139/jsk.v4i3.2438 Gendis. (2021, 20 June.). Personal Interview. Gerbaudo, P., & Treré, E. (2015). In search of the ‘we’ of social media activism: introduction to the special issue on social media and protest identities. Information Communication and Society, 18(8), 865–871. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2015.1043319 Goffman, E. (1974). Frame Analysis: An Essay on the Organization of the Experience. Harper Colophon. John W. Creswell, J. D. C. (2018). Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (Fifth Edit). SAGE Publications, Inc. Jurriëns, E., & Tapsell, R. (2017). Challenges and opportunities of the digital ‘revolution’ in Indonesia. Digital Indonesia: Connectivity and Divergence, 2020, 275–288. https://doi.org/10.1355/9789814786003-007 Kompas TV. (2019). Kekuatan Mantra #GejayanMemanggil | Aiman. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VDvrSP96gYQ&t=2s Lim, M. (2018). Roots, Routes, and Routers: Communications and Media of Contemporary Social Movements. Journalism and Communication Monographs, 20(2), 92–136. https://doi.org/10.1177/1522637918770419 Lin, Z. (2017). Contextualized Transmedia Mobilization: Media Practices and Mobilizing Structures in the Umbrella Movement. In International Journal of Communication (Vol. 11). http://ijoc.org. Liu, Y. (2015). Tweeting, re-tweeting, and commenting: microblogging and social movements in China. Asian Journal of Communication, 25(6), 567–583. https://doi.org/10.1080/01292986.2015.1013971 Nadia Noer. (2021, 05 June). Personal Interview. Pink, S. (2017). Digital Ethnography: Principles & Practice. In Corvinus Journal of Sociology & Social Policy (Vol. 8, Issue 1). Prentoulis, M., & Thomassen, L. (2013). Political theory in the square: Protest, representation and subjectification. Contemporary Political Theory, 12(3), 166–184. https://doi.org/10.1057/cpt.2012.26 Robert V. Kozinets. (2010). Netnography: Doing Ethnographic Research Online. SAGE Publishing. Savirani, A. (2019). Catatan Aktivis 98 Untuk Demo Mahasiswa 2019, Lanjutkan Perjuangan. https://theconversation.com/catatan-aktivis-98-untuk-demo-mahasiswa-2019-lanjutkan-perjuangan-124130 Snow, D. A., Vliegenthart, R., & Ketelaars, P. (2018). The Framing Perspective on Social Movements. The Wiley Blackwell Companion to Social Movements, 392–410. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119168577.ch22 Sukmana, O. (2016). Konsep Dan Teori Gerakan Sosial. Triwibowo, W. (2019). “Cebong†versus “Kampretâ€: Polarisasi politik pascapilpres 2019 semakin tajam. https://theconversation.com/cebong-versus-kampret-polarisasi-politik-pascapilpres-2019-semakin-tajam-115477 Winters, J. A. (2013). Oligarchy and Democracy in Indonesia. Southeast Asia Program Publication at Cornell University, 11–33. doi:10.5728/indonesia.96.0099 Wisanggeni, S. P. (2019). Jangan Tergesa-gesa meski Target Akhir 2019. https://www.kompas.id/baca/utama/2019/05/09/jangan-tergesa-gesa-meski-target-akhir-2019
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright Notice
Authors retain full copyright and grant Ettisal: Journal of Communication the right of first publication. The published work is simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution–NonCommercial–ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0).
This license allows others to share and adapt the work for non-commercial purposes, provided proper credit is given to the author(s) and the journal, a link to the license is included, and any derivative works are distributed under the same license.
Additional Distribution Rights
Authors may enter into separate, non-exclusive agreements for the distribution of the journal’s published version of their work—such as depositing it in institutional repositories or including it in edited books—provided that the initial publication in Ettisal: Journal of Communication is acknowledged.
Pre- and Post-Publication Sharing
Authors are permitted and encouraged to share their work online (e.g., through institutional repositories, academic networking platforms, or personal websites) before, during, and after the submission process. Such practices promote scholarly exchange and can enhance the visibility and citation impact of the published work.
License Statement:
All articles published in Ettisal: Journal of Communication are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution–NonCommercial–ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0).


