Penyerahan Naskah

Author can choose a guideliness:

A. Guideline by Instruction

Article writing instructions starting from Volume 3 Number 1 June 2018

1. Articles written for ETTISAL Journal of Communication includes articles the results of research in the field of communication.
2. Articles written by Indonesian or English. The manuscript typed by Microsoft Word, Times New Roman font size 12 pts, double spaced, standard margins (left limit and a lower limit of 4 cm, while the right limit and the upper limit of 3 cm), printed on A4 paper with a length of 20-30 pages.
3. Systematic research article is the title, author name (along with institutional addresses, phone numbers, and e-mail address), abstract, abstract (with key words), introduction, methods of research, the results of research and discussion, conclusions, and bibliography,
4. The of title the article in the Indonesian no more than 12 words, whereas in English no more than 10 words. The title is written centered, font size 16 pts.
5. The name of the author of the article are listed without an academic degree, with your name and address of their home institution, and are placed below the article title. In the case of a script written by the team, editors relate only to the main author or authors whose names are listed in the first place. The main author must specify your e-mail address.
6. Abstract and keywords written in two languages (Indonesian and English). The length of each abstract 75-200 words, accompanied by a number of 3-5 word keyword. Abstract minimal contain the problem, objectives, methods, concepts, and results of research and discussion.
7. The introduction to the article provides background research, the research context, the results of literature review and research purposes. The Introduction to Conceptual article contains a reference exposure problems context contain interesting things (controversial, unresolved, and new developments) and short formulation of the subject matter to be discussed. The entire introductory section presented an integrated way in the form of paragraphs, with a length of 15-20% of the total length of the article. Introductory part does not need to be given sub-title introduction.
8. The part of the exposure in the form method contains a paragraph about the study design, data sources, data collection techniques, and real data analysis conducted by researchers, with a length of 10-15% of the total length of the article.
9. Section research shows exposure analysis results related to the research question. The discussion shows the meaning of results and comparisons with the theory and / or the results of similar studies. Long exposure results and discussion 40-60% of the length of the article.
10. The core or conceptual discussion to article contains exposure study or thinking of the writer analytical, argumentative, logical, and critical. Exposure to load the establishment or attitudes discussion on issues pared writer. Long exposure to nuclear or discussion sections 60-80% of the length of the article.
11. The concluding section contains research findings in the form of answers to questions form the essence of the results of research or discussion. The conclusions presented in paragraph form. Long exposure concluding section 5-10% of the length of the article.
12. The concluding section contains conclusions, the affirmation of the establishment or the attitude of the author, and suggestions. Concluding presented in paragraph form. Long exposure to cover 10-15% of the length of the article.
13. All submissions are reviewed anonymously by mitra bestari (reviewers are) appointed by the editor in the field of expertise. Authors of articles are given the opportunity to make improvements (revised) manuscript based on the recommendation / advice from mitra bestari or editors. Certainty loading or rejections will be notified in writing. Author of the article published will be rewarded with a number of evidence of loading as many as two copies of the complete print, and three print copies off. Articles that do not load will not be refunded, except upon request of the author.
14. Anything related to licensing citations or use of computer software for the preparation of the manuscript or other particulars relating to IPR conducted by the authors of the article, following the legal consequences that might arise, the sole responsibility of the author of the article.
15. List of reference only contains the sources referenced in the article, and all the sources referred to should be listed in the reference list. Referral source at least 80% in the form of literature published 10 years. References used are primary sources in the form of research articles in journals or research reports (including thesis, dissertation). Article published in the Journal of Communication Sciences recommended for use as a reference.
16. Reconciliation and citations using the technique enclosed reference (the last name, year). Inclusion of a source in a direct quotation should be accompanied by information about the place of origin of the page number citations. Example: Baran (2009: 45).
17. References are arranged in a manner that refer APA Style 6th edition as the following example and described in alphabetical and chronological order.

B. Guideline by Article Section

1. Introduction

The Introduction of both quantitative and qualitative research articles serves to frame the study, establish its relevance, and guide readers toward understanding the research purpose. Although the core goals are similar, each type of research emphasizes different elements. Begin your Introduction by describing the broader context or real-world problem that motivates the study, showing why the topic is important academically and practically. In quantitative research, this section should move logically from general background to specific gaps in existing empirical findings, highlighting inconsistencies, understudied variables, or unresolved theoretical questions. Quantitative Introductions typically end with clearly stated hypotheses or research questions derived from theory. In qualitative research, the Introduction should foreground the complexity and meaning of the phenomenon, emphasizing why an in-depth exploration is needed. Instead of hypotheses, qualitative studies define guiding research questions that aim to understand experiences, interpretations, or social processes.

Next, review key literature relevant to your topic. For quantitative research, this involves summarizing previous empirical findings, identifying precise variables, and demonstrating how your study builds on or challenges existing knowledge. For qualitative research, the literature review in the Introduction should establish conceptual sensitivity—showing what is known while acknowledging what remains unexplained, uncertain, or not yet understood from participants’ perspectives. After presenting the literature, clearly articulate the gap your study addresses. In quantitative articles, gaps often involve insufficient data, lack of generalizability, or methodological limitations in prior studies. In qualitative articles, gaps may relate to overlooked experiences, unexamined cultural contexts, or missing interpretations within social phenomena.

Finally, close the Introduction with a concise statement of purpose. A quantitative article should explicitly connect its purpose to testable hypotheses and measurable relationships among variables. A qualitative article should describe its aim to explore meanings, experiences, or processes, clarifying the chosen qualitative approach (e.g., phenomenology, case study, ethnography). In both approaches, authors should justify why their study is needed, emphasize its potential theoretical and practical contributions, and show how it fits into larger scholarly conversations. A strong Introduction sets the foundation for the entire manuscript by logically guiding readers toward the significance and direction of the study.

2. Method

The Methods section of a quantitative research article must present a clear, transparent, and replicable explanation of how the study was conducted. This includes describing the research design—such as survey, experimental, or correlational—and explaining why it was chosen in relation to the research questions or hypotheses. Researchers should detail the population and sampling procedures, including sampling techniques, sample size, inclusion criteria, and relevant demographic information. The instruments used to measure variables must be fully explained, including the number of items, scale types, reliability (e.g., Cronbach’s Alpha), and validity evidence. Data collection procedures should outline when, where, and how data were gathered, including ethical considerations such as informed consent and participant anonymity. Variables must be defined operationally, distinguishing independent, dependent, and control variables. Finally, the data analysis plan should specify the statistical software used, preliminary screening procedures, descriptive analyses, and the inferential statistical tests applied to answer the research questions. Ensuring clarity and methodological rigor throughout this section strengthens the credibility and replicability of the study.

The Methods section of a qualitative research article should clearly explain how the study was designed, how participants were selected, how data were collected, and how the analysis was conducted, ensuring transparency and rigor throughout. Authors should begin by identifying the qualitative approach used—such as phenomenology, ethnography, case study, grounded theory, or narrative research—and justify why it suits the research question. The description of participants must include the sampling strategy (e.g., purposive, snowball, or theoretical sampling), the number of participants, selection criteria, and relevant demographic or contextual information. Data collection procedures should be explained in detail, including the use of interviews, observations, focus groups, field notes, or document analysis, along with information on setting, duration, and the researcher’s role in the field. The article should also describe how data were analyzed, whether through thematic analysis, coding procedures, constant comparison, discourse analysis, or other established qualitative techniques, including steps taken to ensure credibility, such as triangulation, member checking, reflexivity, peer debriefing, or audit trails. Ethical considerations must also be addressed, including informed consent, confidentiality protections, and how the researcher minimized potential harm. Overall, the Methods section should provide enough clarity and depth for readers to understand the research process and evaluate its trustworthiness.

3. Result/Finding and Discussion

The Results or Findings section should present what the research produced in a clear, objective manner, directly addressing each research question or hypothesis without interpretation. Quantitative research typically use the term “results” because they report numerical or statistical outcomes, while qualitative studies often use “findings” to describe thematic patterns or insights emerging from interviews, observations, or textual data. This section should be organized logically—by variables or tests for quantitative research, or by themes for qualitative research—and should include only essential data, using tables, figures, or participant quotes when appropriate. The Discussion section follows by interpreting the meaning of these results or findings. Here, authors explain the significance of the outcomes, compare them with previous studies or theories, and highlight their theoretical, practical, or societal implications. The Discussion should also address limitations of the study honestly and propose directions for future research. Together, the Results/Findings and Discussion sections show what the study uncovered and why it matters within the broader academic context.

4. Conclusion

A strong conclusion should briefly restate the purpose of the study, summarize the core outcomes, and highlight the contribution the research makes to theory, practice, or future inquiry. In both qualitative and quantitative studies, the conclusion must not introduce new data but instead synthesize the meaning and significance of the work. In qualitative studies, the conclusion emphasizes the key themes or insights revealed through participants’ experiences, explaining how these deepen understanding of social, cultural, or human phenomena while acknowledging contextual nuances. In quantitative research, the conclusion focuses on summarizing the major statistical results and clarifying whether the hypotheses were supported. It highlights measurable implications, theoretical relevance, and potential applications of the findings. For both approaches, the conclusion should address limitations honestly and propose directions for future research, ending with a clear closing statement that reinforces the study’s broader importance.

5. References (in APA)

Writing references in APA format requires consistency, accuracy, and completeness so readers can easily locate your sources. Begin by listing all references in alphabetical order based on the first author’s last name. Use a hanging indent for each entry, where the first line is flush left and the following lines are indented. APA uses the author–date format, so each entry must include author(s), publication year, title, and source information. Authors’ names are written as Last name, Initial(s)., using commas to separate multiple authors and an ampersand (&) before the last author. For works with more than 20 authors, list the first 19 authors, add “...”, then the final author.

For journal articles, include: Author(s). (Year). Title of the article. Journal Title in italics, Volume number in italics(Issue number), page range. DOI (if available). Article titles use sentence case—only the first word and proper nouns are capitalized. Journal titles use title case and are italicized. For books, list: Author(s). (Year). Title of the book in italics (edition if any). Publisher. Do not include the location of the publisher. For book chapters, include: Author(s). (Year). Title of chapter. In Editor(s) (Ed(s).), Title of book in italics (page range). Publisher. For online sources, include the author, year, title, website or organization, and URL. Only include a retrieval date if the content is designed to change over time (e.g., wikis).

Ettisal : Journal of Communication always encourage to use Zotero or Mendeley to manage the citation writing.