Kontribusi Fiqh Legal Maxim dalam Fatwa-Fatwa Ekonomi Syariah Dewan Syariah Nasional Majelis Ulama Indonesia (DSN-MUI)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21111/tsaqafah.v12i1.369Keywords:
Fatwa, Fiqh Legal Maxim, Majallah al-Ahkam al-‘Adliyyah, DSN-MUI, Islamic EconomicAbstract
The paper aims to describe the use of Fiqh Legal Maxims (FLM) in fatwas issued by Dewan Syariah Nasional Majelis Ulama Indonesia (DSN- MUI) and compare it with Fiqh Legal Maxims (FLM) in the book of Majallah al-Aḥkâm al-‘Adliyyah. This paper based on some researchs show that maqâṣid syarî’ah can be seen in Fiqh Legal Maxims (FLM) in fatwas. These researchs written by Ali Ahmad al-Nadwi, Muhammad Ridwan ‘Abdul Aziz, Muhammad Tahir Mansoori, and Abu Umar Farook. The primary data of this paper are 89 fatwas issued by Dewan Syariah Nasional Majelis Ulama Indonesia (DSN- MUI) and analysed by content analysis. The paper shows that Fiqh Legal Maxims (FLM) used in 97% of fatwas, consist of 1-7 Fiqh Legal Maxims (FLM) in every fatwa. The most frequently used is “al-aṣl fî al-mu’âmalâh al-ibâḥah illâ an yadulla dalîl ‘ala taḥrîmihâ” as basic Fiqh Legal Maxims (FLM) in financial transaction (78 times). Fiqh Legal Maxims (FLM) related to islamic banking are most frequently used (174 times). There are 72 Fiqh Legal Maxims (FLM) related to Islamic economics and finance in the book of Majallah al-Aḥkâm al-‘Adliyyah and it can be used in the next fatwas will be issued by Dewan Syariah Nasional Majelis Ulama Indonesia (DSN-MUI).Downloads
References
‘Abdul Aziz, Muhammad Ridwan. 2014. “The Role of Five Major Shari’ah Legal Maxims (al-Qawa’id al-Kubra) in the Establishment of Maqasid al-Shari’ah in Islamic Financial Products: A Discussion of Some Cases,” European Journal of Business and Management, Vol. 6, No. 10.
‘Abdullah, ‘Athiyyah. Mawsû’ah al-Qawâ’id al-Fiqhiyyah al-Munaẓẓamah lil Mu’âmalât al-Mâliyyah al-Islâmiyyah wa Dawruhâ fî Tawjîh al-Nuẓum al-Mu’âṣirah. Iskandariah: Dâr al-Iman, T.Th.
Agustianto, Rekonstruksi Fatwa Ekonomi Syariah, http://www.agustiantocentre.com/?p=326, Diakses 23 September 2014.
Ahmad, Abu Umar Faruq., et al. 2010. “Shari’ah Maxims and Their Implication on Modern Financial Transactions,” dalam Journal of Islamic Economics, Banking and Finance, Vol. 6, No. 3, July-September 2010.
Amrin, Abdullah. 2006. Asuransi Syariah. Jakarta: Gramedia.
Antonio, Muhammad Syafi’i. 2003. Bank Syariah Dari Teori Ke Praktik. Jakarta: Gema Insani.
Aquar, Ihsan. 2009. “Country Versus Bank Syariah Borads”, Opalesque Islamic Finance Intelligence, Issue 1, 28 July 2009.
Arfan, Abbas. 2013. Optimalisasi Serapan Kaidah-Kaidah Fiqh Muamalah dalam Kompilasi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah, Artikel dipresentasikan pada Forum Riset Ekonomi dan Keuangan Syariah, Jakarta: Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Syarif Hidayatullah.
Arifin, Busthanul. 2004. “Segi Hukum yang Terlupakan”, dalam Satria Effendy, Problematika Hukum Keluarga Islam Kontemporer; Analisis Yurisprudensi dengan Pendekatan Ushuliyah. Jakarta: Prenada Media.
Badri., et al. 2013. “Pelaksanaan Penyaluran Pembiayaan oleh Bank Syariah di Banda Aceh”, Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Pascasarjana Universitas Syiah Kuala, Vol. 2, No. 1, Agustus.
Bisri, Cik Hasan. 2003. Model Penelitian Fiqh: Paradigma Penelitian Fiqh dan Fiqh Penelitian, Jilid 1. Jakarta: Kencana.
Dawood, Majid. 2008. “Ensuring the quality of Syariah Advice”. Paper. Dubai: Dubai International Financial Center, June 1-3.
DSN-MUI. 2014. “Sekilas tentang DSN MUI”, http://www.dsnmui.or.id/index.php?page=sekilas, Diakses 20 Agustus 2014.
Ernst and Young, “World Islamic Banking Competitiveness Report 2013-14; the Transition Begins”. http://www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/EY_-_World_Islamic_Banking_Competitiveness_Report_2013%E2%80%9314/$FILE/EY-World-Islamic-Banking-Competitiveness-Report-2013-14.pdf, Diakses 30 April 2015.
Ernst and Young, 2016. “EY Global Takaful Insights 2013, Finding Growth Markets”. http://www.mifc.com/index.php?ch=28&pg=72&ac=59&bb=uploadpdf, Diakses 20 Maret 2016.
________, The Islamic Fund And Investments Report 2011, Achieving Growth in Challenging Times.
Faruqui, Mahmood. 2009. “Country Versus Bank Syariah Borads”, Opalesque Islamic Finance Intelligence, Issue 1, 28 July.
Fidad, al-‘Iyasyi. 2005. “al-Ḥâjah ilâ Ma’âyir li al-Riqâbah al-Syar’iyyah wa Atsar dhâlika ‘alâ al-Ṣinâ’ah al-Mâliyyah al-Islâmiyyah,” Artikel pada Muktamar al-Muassasât al-Mâliyyah al-Islâmiyyah Ma’âlim al-Wâqi’ wa Afâq al-Mustaqbal.
Global Financial Development Report, Islamic Banking Database, http://econ.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/EXTDEC/EXTGLOBALFINREPORT/0,,contentMDK:23492074~pagePK:64168182~piPK:64168060~theSitePK:8816097,00.html, Diakses 25 April 2014
Hasyim, Abdul Wahid. T.Th. “Analisis Pengaruh Produk Jasa Tabungan Wadî’ah, Giro Wadî’ah, Tabungan Muḍârabah, dan Deposito Muḍârabah terhadap Volume Pembiayaan Murâbahah pada Bank Syari’ah (Studi Kasus PT. Bank Muamalat Indonesia Tbk Periode 2002-2012)”, Penelitian pada Prodi Ekonomi dan Studi Pembangunan Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis (FEB) UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.
Hegaz, Walid. 2005. “Fatwas and the Fate of Islamic Finance: A Critique of the Practice of Fatwa in Contemporary Islamic Financial Markets”, dalam S. Nazim Ali (Ed.), Islamic Finance: Current Legal and Regulatory Issues. Cambridge: Islamic Finance Project, Harvard Law School.
http://olinuris.library.cornell.edu/ref/research/skill1.htm, Diakses 15 Januari 2011.
http://www.accountingtools.com/questions-and-answers/what-is-a-post-dated-check.html, Diakses 25 September 2014.
http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/discounted-bill.html, Diakses 25 September 2014.
Islahi, Abdul Azim. 2013. “Shari’ah Maxims Modern Applications in Islamic Finance,” dalam Islamic Economic Studies, Vol. 21, No. 2, November.
Kamil, ‘Umar ‘Abdullah. T.Th. “al-Qawâ’id al-Fiqhiyyah al-Kubrâ wa Atsaruhâ fî al-Mu’âmalât al-Mâliyyah”, Disertasi pada PPS Kulliyyah al-Dirâsât al-‘Arâbiyyah wa al-Islâmiyyah, Jâmi’ah al-Azhar.
Kemenkeu. 2014. “Pemerintah Lelang Sukuk Berbasis Proyek pada 1 Juli 2014”, http://www.kemenkeu.go.id/en/node/41965, Diakses 12 Agustus 2014.
Krippendorff, Klaus. 2004. Content Analysis; an Indtroduction to Its Methodology. London: Sage Publication.
Lahsasna, Ahcene. 2013. Maqashid al-Syariah in Islamic Finance. Kuala Lumpur: Institute of Banking and Finance Malaysia.
Laldin, Mohamad Akram. 2014. Shari'ah Supervision of Islamic Banking From Regulatory Perspective, http://www.kantakji.com/media/5939/ww11.pdf, Diakses 21 Maret 2014.
Lampiran Keputusan Ketua Badan Pengawas Pasar Modal dan Lembaga Keuangan No. Kep-131/BL/2006 tentang Akad-Akad yang Digunakan dalam Penerbitan Efek Syariah di Pasar Modal, Pasal 1.
Mansoori, Muhammad Tahir. T.Th. Shari’ah Maxims Modern Applications in Islamic Finance. Islamabad: International Islamic University.
Mubarok, Jaih. 2002. Kaidah Fiqh, Sejarah dan Kaidah Asasi. Jakarta: PT. Raja Grafindo Persada.
Mudzhar, Muhammad Atho’. 2013. “The Legal Reasoning and Socio-Legal Impact of The Fatwas of The Council of Indonesian Ulama on Economic Issues”, Ahkam, Vol XIII, No. 1 Januari 2013. Jakarta: Faculty of Shariah and Law Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University of Jakarta in cooperation with Himpunan Ilmuan dan Sarjana Syariah Indonesia.
Mufti, Aries., et al. 2007. Amanah Bagi Bangsa; Konsep Sistem Ekonomi Syariah. Jakarta: MES.
Al-Nadwi, Ali Ahmad. 1994. al-Qawâ’id al-Fiqhiyyah: Mafhûmuhâ, Nasy’atuhâ, Taṭawwuruhâ, Dirâsat al-Mu’allafatuhâ, Adillatuhâ, Muhimmatuhâ, Taṭbîqâtuhâ. Damaskus: Dâr al-Qalam.
A-Nadwi, Ali Ahmad. 1999. Mawsûah al-Qawâ’id wa al-Ḍawâbiṭ al-Fiqhiyyah al-Ḥâkimah li al-Mu’âmalât al-Mâliyyah fî al-Fiqh al-Islâmiy, Jil. 1. Damaskus: Dâr al-Qalam.
Neuendorf, Kimberly A. 2002. The Content Analysis Guidebook. London: Sage Publication.
Otoritas Jasa Keuangan, 2016. Statistik Perbankan Syariah (Islamic Banking Statistics), Januari 2016. http://www.ojk.go.id/id/kanal/syariah/data-dan-statistik/statistik-perbankan-syariah/Documents/Pages/Statistik-Perbankan-Syariah---Januari-2016/SPS%20Jan%202016.pdf, Diakses 30 Maret 2016.
Peraturan Bank Indonesia (PBI) No. 10/32/PBI/2008, Pasal 5.
Al-Qubbaj, Samir Mazin. 2008. al-Majallah al-Aḥkâm al-‘Adliyyah, Maṣâdiruhâ wa Atsaruhâ fi Qawânîn al-Syarq al-Islâmiy. Amman: Dâr al-Fatḥ fi al-Dirâsât wa al-Nasyar.
Saha, Mohammad Salleh Abd. 2014. “Principles of Islamic Banking”, http://razizi.uitm.edu.my/download/Nota%20Kursus%20CTU351 /Chapter%204%20Principles%20of%20Islamic%20Banking.pptx, Diakses 20 Agustus 2014.
Sholihin, Ahmad Ilham. 2010. Pedoman Umum Lembaga Keuangan Syariah. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Sugiyono. 2009. Metode Penelitian Bisnis. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Umum, Khotibul. 2012. “Legaslasi Fikih Perbankan; Singkronisasi Peran Dewan Syariah Nasional dan Komite Perbankan Syariah,” dalam Mimbar Hukum, Volume 24, No. 2, Juni.
Wajdi, Farid. 1991. Analisis Isi: Pengantar Teori dan Metodologi. Jakarta: Rajawali.
Al-Zuhayli, Muhammad. 2006. al-Qawâ’id al-Fiqhiyyah wa Taṭbîqâtuhâ fî al-Madhâhib al-Arba’ah, Jil. 1. Damaskus: Dâr al-Fikr.
Downloads
Submitted
Published
Issue
Section
License
The author whose published manuscript approved the following provisions:
- The right of publication of all material published in the journal / published in the Tsaqafah is held by the editorial board with the knowledge of the author (moral rights remain the author of the script).
- The formal legal provisions for access to digital articles of this electronic journal are subject to the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0), which means that Tsaqafah reserves the right to save, transmit media or format, Database), maintain, and publish articles without requesting permission from the Author as long as it keeps the Author's name as the owner of Copyright.
- Printed and electronic published manuscripts are open access for educational, research and library purposes. In addition to these objectives, the editorial board shall not be liable for violations of copyright law.
- It is a serious offense for anyone to publish any article of Tsaqafah without permission.
