The Elements of Secularization in The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21111/tasfiyah.v6i2.8321Keywords:
Abstract
Abstract: Human Rights is a concept proposed by the West for supporting the justice and the welfare of human life, both in the realm of security, health, etc. In this case, the Western’s experience after two great wars has made them focus a lot on the formulation of human rights. This is evident from several declarations on human rights that were initiated by countries in Europe, one of which is the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). However, within the UDHR, there are many doctrines that originate from the Western’s worldview, such as Secularization, Liberalization, etc. If it is examined this path, it is inseparable from one of the world's great dark organizations called Freemasonary, which gave the doctrinal stigma in the formulation of the UDHR. As a political movement that provides breakthroughs in new ideas, Freemasonry is a thought or philosophical movement that deserves to be studied, because of its closed attitude but has a fundamental influence on several facts that occur, one of which is the Universal Declaration of Human Rights itself. In this paper the author will examine the history of the human rights declaration, starting from the influential figures in it to the content of the declaration which is full of typical Western doctrines above. Then the author will include an Islamic view that clearly has a different worldview of the concept in western human rights itself.References
Al-Attas, Syed Muhammad Naquib. Islam and Secularism. Kuala Lumpur: ISTAC, 1993.———. Prolegomena to the Metaphysics of Islam; an Exposition of the Fundamental Element of the World View of Islam. Kuala Lumpur: ISTAC, 1995.———. Risalah Untuk Kaum Muslimin. Kuala Lumpur: ISTAC, 1995.Allport, Allan. Great American Presidents Franklin Delano Roosevelt. Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishers, 2004.An-Nabhani, Taqiyuddin. Peraturan Hidup Dalam Islam. Bogor: Pustaka Tariqul Izzah, 2001.Arif, Syamsuddin. “Kemodernan, Sekularisasi Dan Agama.” Majalah Islamia III, no. 2 (2007).Armas, Ardin. Pengaruh Kristen-Orientalis Terhadap Islam Liberal; Dialog Iteraktif Dengan Aktivis Jaringan Islam Liberal. Jakarta: Gema Insani, 2003.Baderin, Mashood A., and Manisuli Ssenyonjo. “Developtment of Internasional Human Rights Law Before and After the UDHR.” In SOAS, School of Law Legal Studies Research Paper Series, 2010.Berlet, Chip. Dances with Devils; How Apocalyptic and Millennialist Themes Influence Right Wing Scapegoating and Conspiracism. Boston: Political Research Associates, 2009.Biagetti, Samuel. “The Only Universal Monarchy: Freemasonry, Ritual and Gender in Revolutionary Rhole Island, 1749-1803.” REHMLAC 7, no. 2 (2015).Bogdan, Hendrik, and Jan A.M. Snoek. Handbook of Freemasonry. Leiden: Brill Boston, 2014.Cox, Harvey. The Secular City. New York: McaMillan Company, 1965.Darraj, Susan Muaddi. Milestones in Modern World History; The Universal Declaration of Human Rights. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 2009.Dunbar, Paul Lawrence. “Hidden In Plain Sight: African American Secret Societies and Black Freemasonry.” Journal of African American Studies 16, no. 4 (2012).Eslami, Reza. “A System of Human Rights in Islam?” The Journal of Human Rights 15, no. 2 (2020).Fata, Ahmad Khoirul, and Siti Mahmudah Noorhayati. “Sekulerisme Dan Tantangan Pemikiran Islam Kontemporer.” Jurnal Madania 2, no. 2 (2016).Fozdar, Vahid. “That Grand Primeval and Fundamental Religion: The Transformation of Freemasonry into a British Imperical Cult.” California State University: Journal of Word History 22, no. 3 (2011).Glendon, Marry Ann. A World Made New; Eleanor Roosevelt and The Universal Declaration of Human Rights. New York: Random House, 2001.Halleran, Michael A. The Better Angels of Our Nature; Freemasonry in the American Civil War. Tuscaloosa: The Unversity of Alabama Press, 2010.Hammil, John. The Craft: A History of English Freemasonry. London: Crucible, 1986.Hasan, Arif. Fragmentasi Ortodoksi Islam. Malang: Pustaka Bayan, 2008.Hilmi, Mahmud. Nizham Al-Hukm Al-Islami. Kairo: Dar al-Hadi, 1978.Hurt, R. Douglas. The Great Plains During World War II. London: University of Nebraska Press, 2008.Hussain, Mohd. Yusof. Islamization of Human Sciences. Kuala Lumpur: IIUM Press, 2006.Izad, Rohmatul. “Akar Gerakan Teologi Politik Fundamentalisme Islam Abad Modern Perspektif Karen Amstrong.” Jurnal Islamika Inside 4, no. 1 (2018).Kamruzzaman, Md., and Shashi Kanto Das. “The Evaluation of Human Rights: An Overview in Historical Perspective.” American Journal of Sevice Science and Management 3, no. 2 (2016).Kasmuri. “Fenomena Sekulerisme.” Jurnal Al-A’raf Jurnal Pemikiran Islam Dan Filsafat XI, no. 2 (2014).Kasule, Umar Ahmad. Contemporary Muslims and Human Rights Discourse; A Critical Assessment. Kuala Lumpur: IIUM Press, 2009.Knight, Stephen. The Brotherhood; Sensational Revelation;The Explosive Expose of The Secret World of The Freemasons. London: Granada Publishing, 2007.Knights, Christopher, and Robert Lomas. The Book of Hiram; Freemasonary, Venus and The Secret Key to the Life of Jesus. London: Berryville Press, 2005.Kosmin, Barry A., and Ariela Keysar. Secularism and Secularity: Contemporary Internasional Prespektif. Hartford: ISSSC, 2007.Latief, Mohammad. “Islam Dan Sekulerisasi Politik Di Indonesia.” Tsaqafah Jurnal Peradaban Islam 13, no. 1 (2017).Lomas, Robert. Freemasonry for Beginners. Danbury: Manufactured in the USA, 2007.Masduri. “Telaah Kritis Konstruksi Eksistensialisme Dalam Teologi Antroposentris Hasan Hanafi.” Jurnal Islamika Inside; Jurnal Keislaman Dan Humaniora 4, no. 1 (2018).Maulidah, Tri Arwani. “Reinterpretasi Relasi Tuhan Dan Manusia Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas.” Jurnal Islamika Inside 4, no. 1 (2018).Mayer, Ann Elizabeth. Islam and Human Rights; Tradition and Politics. 5th ed. New York: Routledge, 2019.Michael Howard. The First World War. New York: Oxford University Press, 2002.Morgan, Giles. Freemasonry. Harpenden: Pocket Essentials, 2007.Mu’ammar, M. Arfan. “Kritik Terhadap Sekulerisasi Turki; Telaah Historis Transformasi Turki Usmani.” Espisteme 11, no. 1 (2016).Muammar, M. Arfan. Majukah Islam Dengan Menjadi Sekuler? Ponorogo: CIOS UNIDA, 2007.Muhammad, Ali Abdul Mu’ti. Filsafat Politik Antara Barat Dan Islam. Bandung: Pustaka Setia, 2010.Pendergast, Tom, and Sara Pendergast. World War I Reference Library: Almanac. Florida: Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data, U.X.L publisher, 2001.Rofe, J. Simon. The World of The Roosevelt; Franklin Roosevelts Foreign Policy and The Welles Mission. New York: The Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute Hyde Park, 2007.Schraff, Anne. 20 Th Century Biographies Franklin Delano Roosevelt. California: Saddleback Educational Publishing, 2008.Stevenson, David. The Origins of Freemasonry, Scotland’s Century 1590-1710. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1988.United Nations. “Universal Declaration of Human Rights,” 1948.Winter, Jay, and Antonie Prost. Rene Cassin and Human Rights From The Great War to The Universal Declaration. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2013.Zaluchu, Sonny Eli. “Mengkritisi Teologi Sekulerisasi.” Kurios Jurnal Teologi Dan Pendidikan Agama Kristen 4, no. 1 (2018).Zarkasyi, Hamid Fahmi. Misykat Refleksi Tentang Westernisasi, Liberalisasi Dan Islam. Jakarta: INSISTS, 2012.
Downloads
Submitted
Accepted
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
- The copyright of received articles shall be assigned to Tasfiyah: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam as the publisher of the journal. The intended copyright includes the right to publish articles in various forms (including reprints). Tasfiyah: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam maintain the publishing rights to the published articles.
- Authors are permitted to disseminate published article by sharing the link/DOI of the article at Tasfiyah: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam. authors are allowed to use their articles for any legal purposes deemed necessary without written permission from Tasfiyah: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam with an acknowledgement of initial publication to this journal.
- Users/public use of this website will be licensed to CC BY-NC-SA (Attribution & Non-Commercial-ShareAlike)
