Examining Discourses on Integration of Philosophy and Religion (Analysis from Al-Ghazali to Al-Attas)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21111/tasfiyah.v6i2.8141Keywords:
Abstract
The discourse on the integration of philosophy and religion is important because they are an essential aspect of society. This paper first tries to understand philosophy and religion, their terminologies and definitions, and theories in relating philosophy and religion. The main section of this article examines Muslim thinkers' views on philosophy and religion and frames them in Barbour’s theory of integration. While it emphasizes Ghazāli's view on Reason and Revelation and Ibn Sīnā's view on Reason and Revelation, it also discusses the thoughts of Al-Farabi, Ibn Taymiyyah, Sir Muhammad Iqbal, and Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas. There are similarities and differences in Muslim scholars' views on the integration of philosophy and religion. Regardless of their differences, we found that all of them are still in Barbour’s definition of Integration, not Dialogue, independence, or even Conflict.References
Abd. Wahid. “Korelasi Agama, Filsafat Dan Ilmu.” Jurnal Substantia 14, no. 2 (2012): 224–31.Al-Attas, Syed Muhammad Naquib. Prolegomena to the Metaphysics of Islām; An Exposition of the Fundamental Element of The Worldview of Islām. Kuala Lumpur: ISTAC, 1995.Al-Farabi, Abu Nashr. Kitab Al-Jam’i Bayna Al-Hakimain. 2 ed. Beirut-Lebanon: Daar Al-Masyriq, 1982.Al-Ghazali, Abu Hamid. Al-Munqidh min al-Ḍalāl. Diedit oleh Dr Jamil Shaliba. Beirut-Lebanon: Daar Al-Andalus, 2003.Arberry, Arthur J. Avicenna on Theology. United States: Hyperion Press Inc., 1951.Barbour, Ian G. Religion in an Age of Science. San Fransisco: Harper San Fransisco, 1990.Bilqies, Shahida. “Understanding the Concept of Islamic Sufism.” Journal of Education & Social Policy 1, no. 1 (2014).Fakhry, Majid. Al-Farābī, Founder of Islamic Neoplatonism, His Life, Works and Influence. Oxford: One world Publications, 2002.Griffel, Frank. “Al-Ghazali.” In The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2016 Edition). Center for the Study of Language and Information (CSLI), Stanford University, 2016. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2016/entries/al-ghazali/#Aca.Gutas, Dimitri. “Ibn Sina [Avicenna].” In Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Department of Philosophy, Stanford University, 2016. https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2016/entries/ibn-sina/.HUSSAIN, M. HADI. “Message from the East IQBAL’S ‘PAYAM-I-MASHRIQ.’” allamaiqbal.com, 1977. http://www.allamaiqbal.com/works/poetry/persian/payam/translation/index.htm.Imam Al-Ghazali. Tahafut Al-Falasifah. Diedit oleh Sulaiman Dunya. 4 ed. Mesir: Daar Ma’arif, 1966.Iqbal, Muhammad. The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam. London: Oxford University Press, 1934.Istinah, Siti Rodhiyah Dwi. “Paradigma Ilmu dan Agama dalam Upaya Mencari Kebenaran ( Hakiki ) dalam Penciptaan Alam Semesta.” Prosiding Seminar Nasional, 2015, 174–96.Marmura, Michael E. “Al-Ghazali’s Chapter on Divine Power in The Iqtisad.” Arabic Science and Philosophy 4 (1994).Mattock, J. N. “Muhsin Mahdi (ed.): Alfarabi’s Book of letters (Kitāb al-ḥurūf): commentary on Aristotle’s Metaphysics. (Recherches publiées sous la direction de l’Institut de Lettres Orientales de Beyrouth. Sér. 1: Pensée Arabe et Musulmane, Tom. XLVI.) XV, 253 pp. Beir.” Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 34, no. 1 (24 Februari 1971): 206–206. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0041977X00142193.Michel, Thomas F. A Muslim Theologian’s Response to Christianity: Ibn Taymiyya’s Al-Jawab Al-Sahih. New York: Caravan Books, 1985.Nasr, Seyyed Hossein. “The Meaning and The Concept of Philosophy in Islam.” History of Islamic Philosophy, Routledge History of World Philosophies 1 (1996).Orme-Johnson, Mcghee. “Finding Connections Between Religion and Science,” 2008. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/mqp-all/492brought to you by COREView metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.ukprovided by DigitalCommons@WPI%0A.Pavlin, James. “Ibn Taymiyya, Taqi al–Din (1263–1328).” In Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy. London: Routledge, 1998. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780415249126-H039-1.Raisyuni, Ahmad. Madkhal Ila Maqasid Syariah. Mesir: Daar Al-Kalimah, 2010. http://dspace.bru.ac.th/xmlui/handle/123456789/3583.Rusyd, Abu al-Walid Ibn. Fashl Maqal Fima Bayna Al-Hikmah wa Al-Syariah min Al-Ittashal. Diedit oleh Dr. Muhammad Imarah. 3 ed. Mesir: Daar Al-Ma’arif, 1198.Sabra, A. I. “The Appropriation and Subsequent Naturalization of Greek Science in Medieval Islam: A Preliminary Statement.” History of Science 25, no. 3 (21 September 1987): 223–43. https://doi.org/10.1177/007327538702500301.Sanda, Dragos Constatin, Luana Alexandra Smarandoiu, dan Costea Munteanu. “The Dialogue between Science and Religion: A Taxonomic Contribution.” Religions 8, no. 3 (2017). https://doi.org/10.3390/rel8030035.Soheil, M. Afnan. Avicenna, His Life and Works. London: Goerge Allen & Unwind Ltd, 1956.Tavani, Herman T. “The Classic Debate on the Relationship between Faith and Reason: Some Contemporary Challenges from the Perspectives of Relativism and Postmodernism.” Insight: Rivier Academic Journal 4, no. 1 (2008): 1–20.Taymiyah, Ibn. Dar’u Ta’arud al-’Aql wa al-Naql. Diedit oleh Muhammad Rasyad Salim. 2 ed. Madinah: Jami’ah al-Imam Muhammad bin Su’ud al-Islamiyah, 1991.Zarkasyi, Hamid Fahmy. “Al-Ghazali’s Concept of Causality with Reference to His Interpretations of Reality and Knowledge.” International Islamic University Malaysia, 2007.———. “Ibn Taymiyyah’s Critique of Aristotelian Metaphysics.” AFKAR: Jurnal Akidah & Pemikiran Islam 10, no. 1 (2010). https://ejournal.um.edu.my/index.php/afkar/article/view/5805.———. Liberalisasi Pemikiran Islam (Gerakan bersama Missionaris, Orientalis dan Kolonialis). Ponorogo: CIOS, 2008.
Downloads
Submitted
Accepted
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
- The copyright of received articles shall be assigned to Tasfiyah: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam as the publisher of the journal. The intended copyright includes the right to publish articles in various forms (including reprints). Tasfiyah: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam maintain the publishing rights to the published articles.
- Authors are permitted to disseminate published article by sharing the link/DOI of the article at Tasfiyah: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam. authors are allowed to use their articles for any legal purposes deemed necessary without written permission from Tasfiyah: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam with an acknowledgement of initial publication to this journal.
- Users/public use of this website will be licensed to CC BY-NC-SA (Attribution & Non-Commercial-ShareAlike)
