Fakhruddin al-Razi and Sigmund Freud's Perspectives on the Concept of the Human: AÂ Comparative Analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21111/tasfiyah.v7i2.10410Kata Kunci:
Personality, Human, Fakhruddin ar-Razi, Sigmund FreudAbstrak
The discourse of the human concept is an important theme constantly being studied because humans have a natural disposition to understand and understand themselves. Fakhruddin Ar-Razi and Sigmund Freud are a few who focus on studying the concept of humans. Both are important figures in the development of science. Between ar-Razi and Freud, they had a view on it. The author at least uses a descriptive analysis method with a comparative study of each character’s opinion. This paper at least examines the differences and similarities in their views about the human concept regarding personality structure, the basis of human action and the goals of human behaviour. According to ar-Razi and Sigmund Freud, the results can be seen to what extent the similarities and differences regarding human conception. The conclusion of this research, from the point of view of Islamic worldview represented by Fakhruddin al-Razi’s thoughts, is that humans are seen comprehensively not only to have natural potential (ḥayawÄniyah) but also nabatiyyah dan insaniyyah.Referensi
Al-Attas, Syed Muhammad Naquib. Prolegomena to the Metaphysics of Islam. Kuala Lumpur: International Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilization, 1995.
Ar-Razi, Fakhruddin. Al-FirÄsÄt. Mesir: Maktabah al-Quran, n.d.
———. Al-Maḥṣūl. Beirut: Muassisah ar-Risalah, 1997.
———. Al-Maá¹Älib Al-‘Āliyah FÄ« ‘Ilm Al-‘Āliyah. Beirut: DÄr al-KitÄb al-‘ArabÄ«, 1987.
———. Al-Nafs Wa Rūḥ Wa Syarḥ QiwÄhumÄ. Islamabad: Mathbu’ah Ma’had al-Ibhats al-Islamiyah, n.d.
———. MafÄtiḥ Al-Ghaib. Beirut: DÄr IḥyÄ’ Turats al-‘Arab, 2000.
Arif, Muhammad. “Pendidikan Kejiwaan Dan Kesehatan Mental (Perspektif Fakhruddin Ar-Razi).†Farabi 16, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 161–80. https://doi.org/10.30603/jf.v16i2.1081.
Arroisi, Jarman. “Teori Jiwa Perspektif Fakhr Al-Din Al-Razi; Studi Model Pemikiran Psikologi Islam.†UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya, 2016.
Arroisi, Jarman, and Rahmat Ardi Nur Rifa Da’i. “Konsep Jiwa Perspektif Ibn Sina?†Islamica: Jurnal Studi Keislaman 13, no. 2 (March 1, 2019): 256–78. https://doi.org/10.15642/islamica.2019.13.2.323-345.
As-Subki, Tajuddin. ṬabaqÄt Al-SyÄfi’iyyah. 8th ed. Al-Hijr li at-Thaba’ah wa Nashr wa Tauzi’, 1993.
Badri, Malik. Al-Tafakkur Min Al-MusyÄhadah Ila SyuhÅ«d DirÄsah Nafsiyyah IslÄmiyyah. Riyadh: International Islamic Publishing House, 1995.
Bartens, K. Psikoanalisa Sigmund Freud. Jakarta: Gramedia, 2006.
———. Sekelumit Sejarah Psikoanalisa. Jakarta: Gramedia, 1986.
Chaplin, J.P. Kamus Lengkap Psikologi. Edited by Kartini Kartono. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada, 2004.
Cockburn, David. An Introduction to the Philosophy of Mind Souls, Science and Human Beings. New York: Palgrave Macmilan, 2001.
Daulay, Nursakkinah. Pengantar Psikologi Dan Pandangan Al-Quran Tentang Psikologi. Jakarta: Kencana, 2014.
Fathurrizaka, Hadi. “Sigmund Ferud and Miskawayh on Personality.†Universitas Darussalam Gontor, 2019.
Fawaid, Ah. “Dinamika Kajian Al-Qur’an Di Barat Dan Dampaknya Pada Kajian Al-Qur’an Kontemporer.†Nuansa: Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu Sosial Dan Keagamaan Islam 10, no. 2 (2013): 141–58.
Feist, Jess, and Gregory J. Feist. Teori Kepribadian. Edited by Handriatno. Jakarta: Salemba Humanika, 2017.
Freud, Sigmund. A General Introduction to Psychoanalysis, n.d.
———. Al-MÅ«jiz FÄ« TaḥlÄ«l Al-Nafs. Edited by SÄmÄ« MaḥmÅ«d Abdussalam Al-QaffÄsh. Mesir: Maktabah Usrah, 2000.
———. Beyond the Pleasure Principle. Edited by James Strachey. London: WW Norton Company, 1959.
———. Civilization and Its Discontents. Edited by James Strachey. New York: WW Norton Company, 1962.
———. Tafsir Mimpi. Edited by Apri Danarto. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Jendela, 2001.
———. The Future of an Illusion, n.d.
Hall, Calvin S. Sigmund Freud: Suatu Pengantar Ke Dalam Ilmu Jiwa Sigmund Freud. Edited by S Tasrif. Jakarta: Pustaka Pembangunan, 1980.
Hasib, Kholili. “Konsep Insan Kulli Menurut Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas.†Tasfiyah 4, no. 2 (August 8, 2020): 87. https://doi.org/10.21111/tasfiyah.v4i2.4696.
Hill, Grahme. As Level Psychology Through Diagrams. Oxford: Oxford Universty Press, 2001.
Hussain, Adz-Dzahab Muhammad. Al-Tafsīr Wa Al-Mufassirūn. Mesir: Maktabah Wahbah, n.d.
Hutapea, Bonar. “Menggeser Kesadaran Sebagai Pusat Manusia Yang Mutlak Dan Otonom: Subjek Freudian Dalam Kritik Terhadap Filsafat Subjektifitas.†Psikobuana 3, no. 2 (2011).
Ibnu Katsir. Al-BidÄyah Wa Al-NihÄyah. Beirut: DÄr al-Fikr, 1986.
Ibnu Khalikan. WifÄyatul A’yÄn Wa AnbÄu AnbÄi Al-ZamÄn. Beirut: DÄr Al-Shadr, 1971.
Jabir, Taha. ImÄm FakhruddÄ«n Al-RÄzÄ« Wa Muá¹£annafatuhu. Mesir: DÄr as-Salam, 2010.
Jarvis, Matt, and Paul Okami. Principles of Psychology: Contemporary Perspectives. Oxford: Oxford Universty Press, n.d.
Jones, Ernest. Dunia Freud: Sebuah Biografi Lengkap. Edited by Kardono. Yogyakarta: IRCiSoD, 2007.
Khasinah, Siti. “Hakikat Manusia Menurut Pandangan Islam Dan Barat.†Jurnal Ilmiah Didaktika 13, no. 2 (February 1, 2013). https://doi.org/10.22373/jid.v13i2.480.
Muslih, Muhammad Kholid, Husna Hisaba Kholid, Amir Reza Kusuma, and Fachri Khoerudin. “The Criticism of Utsman Najati to Modern Psychology.†Dialogia 21, no. 1 (June 27, 2023): 133–54. https://doi.org/10.21154/dialogia.v21i1.5768.
Mustafa, Sahidi. “Konsep Jiwa Dalam Al-Qur’an.†Tasfiyah: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam 2, no. 1 (2018): 123–35. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.21111/tasfiyah.v1i2.2485.
Nelson, Benjamin. Freud Manusia Paling Berpengaruh Abad Ke 20. Edited by Yurni. Surabaya: Ikon Telalitera, 2003.
Pizaro. “Teori Seksualitas Sigmund Freud Tentang Kepribadian; Psikopatologi Dan Kritik Psikologi Islam.†UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2008.
Prawiro, Cokro Edi. Studi Komparasi Metode Entropy Dan Metode ROC Sebagai Penentu Bobot Kriteria SPK. Bandung: Kreatif Industri Nusantara, 2020.
Raghim, Samih. Mausū’ah Musá¹alaḥÄt ImÄm FakhruddÄ«n Al-RÄzÄ«. Beirut: Maktabah Libanon Nasyirun, 2001.
Sandu, Siyoto, and Muhammad Ali Shodiq. Dasar Metodologi Penelitian. Yogyakarta: Lentari Publishing, 2015.
Semiun, Yustinus. Teori Kepribadian Dan Terapi Psikoanalitik Freud. Yogyakarta: Kanisius, 2006.
Shihadeh, Ayman. “From Al-Ghazali To Al-Razi: 6th/ 12th Century Developments in Muslim Philosophical Theology.†Arabic Sciences and Philosophy 15, no. 1 (March 16, 2005): 141–79. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0957423905000159.
Sodikin, Dewi Kristina. “Konsep Jiwa Menurut Ibnu Sina Dan Sigmun Freud: Studi Komparatif Psikologi Tasawuf Dan Psikologi Barat.†UIN Sunan Gunung Djati, 2017.
Suryabarata, Sumardi. Psikologi Kepribadian. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada, 2003.
Tohirin, Mohammad. “Studi Komparatif Teori Kepribadian Menurut Al-Ghazali Dan Sigmund Freud.†UIN Walisongo Semarang, 2018.
Trimigham, J. Spencer. The Sufi Order in Islam. Oxford: Oxford Universty Press, 1971.
Virgo, Nandang Setiawan. “Konsep Jiwa Manusia: Dialektika Antara Filsafat Jiwa Mulla Shadra Dan Sigmund Freud.†IAIN Tulungagung, 2019.
Wahab, Nurulhidayah, Azlina Abu Bakar, and Abdul Manam bin Mohamad. “Analisis Elemen-Elemen Nafsu Dalam Teori Psikoanalisis Sigmund Freud Dan Kitab Penawar Bagi Hati Al-Mandili.†Jurnal Islam Dan Masyarakat Kontemporari 14, no. 1 (2017): 51–67.
Warsah, Idi. “Interkoneksi Pemikiran Al-GhazÄli Dan Sigmund Freud Tentang Potensi Manusia.†Penelitian Sosial Dan Keagamaan Vol. 33 No, no. 1 (2017): 54–77.
Wirawan, Sarwono Sarlito. Berkenalan Dengan Aliran-Aliran Dan Tokoh Psikologi. Jakarta: Bulan Bintang, 1991.
##submission.downloads##
Telah diserahkan
Diterima
Diterbitkan
Cara Mengutip
Terbitan
Bagian
Lisensi
Hak Cipta (c) 2023 Tasfiyah: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam
Artikel ini berlisensiCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
