Studi tentang anemia dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan anemia pada siswi SMA N 1 Mantup Lamongan

Penulis

  • Kartika Yuliani Program Studi Ilmu Gizi, Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya
  • Pratiwi Hariyani Pratiwi Program Studi Ilmu Gizi, Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya
  • Farah Nuriannisa Program Studi Ilmu Gizi, Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya
  • Rizki Nurmalya Kardina Program Studi Ilmu Gizi, Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya
  • Anugrah Linda Mutiarani Program Studi Ilmu Gizi, Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21111/dnj.v6i2.8540

Kata Kunci:

anemia, keragaman pangan, siswi, zat besi, vitamin C

Abstrak

Background: Anemia is still a public health problem. Analysis of the factors that cause anemia in adolescents, especially young women, is very important to formulate anemia prevention. Objective: To analyze the prevalence of anemia and the factors associated with anemia in female students of SMAN 1 Mantup Lamongan. Method : The study was a cross sectional design with a sample size of 60 students taken by simple random sampling. The study was conducted for 2 months at SMAN 1 Mantup Lamongan. Intake of vitamin C, iron, protein, and folic acid was measured using the multiple interview method 24 hours recall while food diversity was measured using the individual dietary diversity score (IDDS). Hemoglobin levels were measured by using the Hb Easy Touch gcHb assay. Results: The results showed that as many as 15% female students had anemia. Factors related to the respondent’s hemoglobin (Hb) level was vitamin C intake (p<0,05), while other factors such as iron (Fe), protein, folic acid, and dietary diversity were not associated to Hb level (p>0,05). Conclusion: The prevalence of anemia is still quite high in SMAN 1 Mantup female students. The factor associated to the Hb level is vitamin C intake. Therefore, students should pay attention to food intake, especially food sources of vitamin C and Fe inhibitors. AbstrakLatar belakang: Saat ini anemia masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang belum tertuntaskan.  Analisis faktor-faktor penyebab anemia pada remaja khususnya remaja putri sangat penting untuk merumuskan intervensi pencegahan anemia. Tujuan: untuk mengidentifikasi prevalensi anemia dan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan anemia pada siswi SMAN 1 Mantup Lamongan. Metode: Penelitian berdesain cross sectional dengan besar sampel sebanyak 60 siswi yang diambil secara simple random sampling.  Penelitian dilakukan selama 2 bulan di SMAN 1 Mantup Lamongan.  Variabel asupan vitamin C, zat besi, protein, dan asam folat diukur menggunakan metode wawancara multiple 24 hours recallsedangkan keragaman pangan diukur menggunakan individual dietary diversity score (IDDS).  Kadar hemoglobin diukur menggunakan alat pemeriksaan Hb Easy Touch gcHb. Hasil: Sebanyak 15% siswi mengalami anemia.  Faktor yang berhubungan dengan kadar hemoglobin (Hb) responden adalah vitamin C (p<0,05), sedangkan faktor lainnya seperti asupan zat besi (Fe), asupan protein, asupan asam folat, dan keragaman pangan responden tidak berhubungan dengan kadar Hb responden (p>0,05). Simpulan: Prevalensi anemia masih cukup tinggi pada siswi SMAN 1 Mantup. Faktor yang terbukti berhubungan kadar Hb responden adalah asupan vitamin C.  Oleh karena itu, sebaiknya responden memperhatikan asupan makan terutama makanan sumber vitamin C serta inhibitor Fe mungkin juga berhubungan dengan kadar Hb.

Referensi

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Diterbitkan

2022-11-22

Terbitan

Vol 6 No 2 (2022): Darussalam Nutrition Journal

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