Peran Vitamin D pada Urtikaria

Abstract

Urticaria (hives) is a skin reaction in the form of a rash, patches or bumps that appear red and itchy. Urticaria is divided into two based on the duration of occurrence, which is acute urticarial (AU) with a duration of <6 weeks and chronic urticaria (CU) with a duration of more than 6 weeks. Acute urticaria is often associated with infection or food or drug intake. Chronic urticaria can occur spontaneously, known as chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), when no specific trigger is found. Chronic urticaria can also be associated with systemic disorders or can be induced by obvious stimuli, called chronic induced urticaria (CIndU).Vitamin D is a potential immunomodulator as an alternative therapy for urticaria. The role of vitamin D by modulating the immune system through its active metabolite 1,25(OH)2D, which is indicated by the presence of vitamin D receptors on T cells, B cells, macrophages, monocytes and dendritic cells. Vitamin D supplementation in patients with CU who were deficient in vitamin D significantly reduced the severity of the disease. In patients with vitamin D deficiency, the dose of administration is 7000-10,000 IU/day (175- 250 mcg/day) or 50,000 IU/week (1250 mcg/week), with a duration of 1-3 months and monitoring of serum vitamin D levels at least 8-12 weeks after the first dose is given. The use of high doses of vitamin D (28000 IU/week) as adjunctive therapy has been shown to reduce the severity of CU symptoms and the dose of allergy medication.