Wasaṭiyyah in the Thought of Maqāṣidī Tafsīr by Yūsuf al-Qaraḍāwī: The Issue of Religious Pluralism

Wasaṭiyyah dalam Pemikiran Tafsīr Maqāṣidī Yūsuf al-Qaraḍāwī: Studi Kasus Pluralisme Agama

Authors

  • MUHAMMAD ABDUL AZIZ Institute of Knowledge Integration (IKI) Georgia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21111/jcsr.v3i02.10411

Abstract

Tafsīr maqāsidī appears as a response to the phenomenon of partial understanding of the religious text. The mainstreaming of that exegesis is hence deemed an intellectual project aiming to translate the wasaṭiyyah into Islamic teachings. Yūsuf al-Qaraḍāwī, given his position as the main promotor of wasaṭiyyah and maqāṣid employment in religious understanding, is worth exploring. The article, therefore, aims to explore the dimension of wasaṭiyyah in al-Qaraḍāwī’s thought of tafsīr maqāsidī with special reference to religious pluralism. The data of this qualitative research is mostly taken from the works of al-Qaraḍāwī while its analysis employs two methods; content and descriptive. The article concluded that wasaṭiyyah in Yūsuf al-Qaraḍāwī’s thought of tafsīr maqasīdī lies in the balance between maqāṣid kulliyyāt which is tawhīd and nuṣūṣ juz’iyyāt which is the religious singular impression as in al-Baqarah 62. The importance of that balancing lies in the attempt to realize the Qur’an’s comprehensiveness. For, if the verse is only perceived within the literal perspective of tawhīd, it seems to neglect the wording literally promising salvation for other people of religion regardless of time boundaries. Otherwise, if the verse is meant within the religious singular paradigm, namely the salvation for people other than Muslims as long as they observe submission, such an understanding will contradict the universality of Islam itself.

Author Biography

MUHAMMAD ABDUL AZIZ, Institute of Knowledge Integration (IKI) Georgia

Muhammad Abdul Aziz, S.H.I., MIRKH. Educated in Gontor Islamic Boarding School and its university, I earned an adequate level of both Arabic and English. I focused my BA research in a comparison of Islamic law exertion methodology between NU’s Lajnah Bahtsul Masail and Muhammadiyah’s Majlis Tarjih. I then further pursued my master’s degree at the Department of Fiqh and Usul al-Fiqh, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) with a thesis entitled Application of Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah in the Indonesian Liberal Muslim Thought on Marriage and Divorce. My research interest includes, but is not limited to, philosophy and principles of Islamic law, Islamic jurisprudence, Maqashid al-Shariah, and Islamic legal anthropology. Other than academic works, I am also fond of writing popular pieces where the all the detail of my publications as follows:   Mass Media                                 IIUM Today. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. 22nd April 2017. “Better Islamic environment at IIUM” said UNISSULA Representative. https://news.iium.edu.my/?p=114973 IIUM Today. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. 29th April 2017. “Sohirin Mohammad Solihin: “M. Natsir’ A World Class Muslim Leader.” https://news.iium.edu.my/?p=115078 IIUM Today. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. 7th May 2017. “GRADS 2017 A Platform To Enrich Post Graduate Students’ Presentation Skills.” https://news.iium.edu.my/?p=115256 Antara News Agency Kuala Lumpur. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. 13th July 2015. “Muslimat NU Malaysia Santuni Janda dan Anak Yatim.” Muslimat NU. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. 30th December 2016. “Muslimat NU Malaysia Adakan Kem Ibadah, Peserta Bebas Biaya.” NU Online. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. 5th December 2016. “Muslimat dan Aisyiyah Malaysia Kompak Gelar Sunatan Massal.” NU Online. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. 14 September 2016. “Kurban Muslimat NU Malaysia Meningkat dari Tahun Sebelumnya.” Antara News Agency Kuala Lumpur. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. “Benarkah Rasulullah Saw Hijrah pada Bulan Muharram?” https://kl.antaranews.com/berita/3819/benarkah-rasulullah-saw-hijrah-pada-bulan-muharam Unida Gontor Online. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. “Sanad Filosofis Antara Dr. Dihyah dan Sir Muhammad Iqbal.” http://afi.unida.gontor.ac.id/2019/02/19/sanad-filosofis-antara-dr-dihyah-dan-sir-muhammad-iqbal/ Unida Gontor Online. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. 13 March 2019. “Mengapa “Pezina”, Bukan Hanya “Orang Yang Berzina”?. http://pba.unida.gontor.ac.id/kajian-bahasa-al-quran-dalam-ayat-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%91%D9%8E%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%90%D9%8A%D9%8E%D8%A9%D9%8F-%D9%88%D9%8E%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%91%D9%8E%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%90%D9%8A-%D9%81%D9%8E%D8%A7/ Republika. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. 29 August 2020. “11 Tahun di Gontor: Sebuah Titik Balik”. https://www.republika.id/posts/9612/11-tahun-di-gontor-sebuah-titik-balik New Straits Times. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. 22 January 2021. “Hamka: The Bridge between Malay, Indonesian Muslims.” https://www.nst.com.my/opinion/columnists/2021/01/659663/hamka-bridge-between-malay-indonesian-muslims IB Times. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. 22 Agustus 2021. “Dari Rasjidi sampai Hamka: Siapa Penerus Estafet Nahi Munkar Selanjutnya?” See -  https://ibtimes.id/nahi-munkar/ IB Times. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. 23 September 2021. “‘Izz al-Din Ibn Abd al-Salam: Ulama Pejuang Nahi Munkar. See - https://ibtimes.id/izz-al-din-ibn-abd-al-salam/   Publication 2007. Periodical. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. Makna Alim. Pusaka Weekly. 2009. Periodical. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. Kemukjizatan, Komprehensifitas, dan Isyarat Ilmiah Al-Quran Himmah Monthly. 2009. Paper. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. Makna Filosofis Beberapa Kaidah Bahasa Arab. Winning 1st Prize of Academic Writing Competition across Campuses of ISID Gontor. 2011. Handbook. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. Seputar TPQ Darul Baqo’. Concise guideline on TPQ Darul Baqo’ Lamongan and how to properly understand the knowledge of tajwid. 2011. Periodical. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. Al-Quran dan Kimia. Himmah Monthly. 2011. Periodical. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. Pola Simetris Alam. Himmah Monthly. 2011. Periodical. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. Jangan Menilai (Hanya) dengan Mata. Himmah Monthly. 2011. Thesis. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. Muḥammadiyah wa Nahḍatul ‘Ulamā’: Dirāsah Muqāranah fī Manhaji Istinbāṭ al-Aḥkām Bayna Majlis Tarjīḥ wa Bayna Lajnah Baḥthul Masā’il. Undergraduate Thesis in ISID Gontor. 2013. Paper. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. Metodologi Istinbath Muhammadiyah dan NU: Kajian Perbandingan Majelis Tarjih dan Lajnah Bahtsul Masail. Journal of Ijtihad. Darussalam Institute of Islamic Studies Gontor. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21111/ijtihad.v7i2.83 https://ejournal.unida.gontor.ac.id/index.php/ijtihad/article/view/83 2015. Periodical. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. IIUM, Universitas Berbasis Islamisasi Ilmu. Majalah Gontor. (Sent 3rd November 2015). 2016. Book Chapter. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. Gontor yang Serba Filosofis in Pesan dari Seberang: Merefleksikan Nilai-nilai Gontor. IKPM Gontor Cabang Malaysia. 2017. Prosiding. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. Prinsip Wasatiyyah dalam Fatwa MUI tentang Kasus Penistaan Agama in “Fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia dalam Pandangan Akademisi.” Proceeding of International Islamic Conference on MUI Studies. Depok Indonesia, 26 – 28 July 2017. 2017. Thesis. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. Application of Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah in the Indonesian Liberal Muslim Thought on Marriage and Divorce. Master’s Thesis at the International Islamic University Malaysia. 2018. Translation. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. As a member of a team in translation project of Ibn al-Qayyim’s Ighāthat al-Lahafān min Maṣāyid al-Shayṭān. 2018. Book Chapter. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. Masjid di Malaysia: Setengah NU Setengah Muhammadiyah in Melihat Indonesia Dari Luar. Sahabat Pena Nusantara & Genius Media. 2019. Research Book. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. Application of Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah in Indonesia. IIUM Press. 2019. Book Chapter. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. Meneladani Pak Dihya: Awal Perjumpaan in Belajar Kehidupan dari Sosok Manusia Inspiratif: Perjuangan, Kesederhanaa, dan Cinta. Sahabat Pena Kita. http://repository.um-surabaya.ac.id/4544/2/Manusia_Inspiratif_[Fix_Isi].pdf  2019. Book Chapters. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. Menulis Hati in Refleksi Satu Semester Pertama Sahabat Pena Kita. Sahabat Pena Kita. 2019. Book Chapters. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. Tradisionalisme Malaysia in Literasi di Era Disrupsi. Sahabat Pena Kita. http://repository.um-surabaya.ac.id/4542/1/LITERASI_DI_ERA_DISRUPSI-SPK.pdf 2020. Book Chapters. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. Everyone (Seemingly) Wants to be Indonesian in Sejuta Alasan Mencintai Indonesia. Sahabat Pena Kita. 2020. Book Chapters. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. “Fa’atba’a Sababa”: Catatan atas Kopdar  SPK IV di Unisma Malang in Inspirasi Literasi: Mengikat Makna Seminar Literasi dan Kopdar IV Sahabat Pena Kita (SPK). http://repository.um-surabaya.ac.id/4473/1/Inspirasi_Literasi.pdf 2020. Book Chapters. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. Guru dan Nabi in Guru Pembelajar Bukan Guru Biasa. Sahabat Pena Kita.http://repository.um-surabaya.ac.id/4545/1/Guru__Pembelajar_Bukan_Guru_Biasa.pdf 2020. Translation. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. Shariah Standards No 60 on Waqf into Indonesian. WaCIDS (Waqf Centre for Indonesian Development and Studies). 2021. Paper. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. Elastisitas Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah dalam Pencegahan Fenomena Lost Generation. Mawa’izh: Jurnal Dakwah dan Pengembangan Sosial Kemanusiaan.  https://doi.org/10.32923/maw.v12i1.1752 https://jurnal.lp2msasbabel.ac.id/index.php/maw 2021. Book Chapters. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. “11 Tahun Di Gontor: Sebuah Titik Balik.” In Titik Balik Menuju Cahaya. Gresik: Sahabat Pena Kita, 2021. 2021. Book Chapters. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. “Ibadah Di Masjid Masa Pandemi: Mendahulukan Agama Atau Jiwa?” In Gaya Hidup Sehat Di Era Pandemi Covid-19. Gresik: Sahabat Pena Kita, 2021. 2021. Book Chapters. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. “Mendidik Sesuai Fitrah.” In Seni Mendidik Anak: Based on True Story. Gresik: Sahabat Pena Kita, 2021. 2021. Book Chapters. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. “Si A Meniti Jalan Sukses.” In Sukses Dalam Keterbatasan: Kisah-Kisah Inspiratif Difabel Dalam Meraih Kesuksesan Hidup. Gresik: Sahabat Pena Kita, 2021. 2021. Book Chapters. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. “Utang Terbesar Manusia.” In Merdeka Dari Utang. Gresik: Sahabat Pena Kita, 2021. 2021. Prosiding. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. “Agama atau Nyawa? Analisis Maqasidi terhadap Fatwa MUI tentang Penggantian Shalat Jum’at dengan Dzuhur di Masa Pandemi” dalam “Peran Fatwa MUI dalam Perubahan Sosial”. Proceeding of the Fifth International Islamic Conference on MUI Fatwa Studies, held online, 26 – 28 July 2021. 2021. Reviewing. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. International Grand Summit Indonesian Day 2021 held by Indonesian Students Association of Malaysia on October 16-17, 2021.. 2021 (forthcoming). Book Chapters. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. “Islamisasi, Tajdid dan Integrasi” in Pemikiran dan Kontribusi Hamid Fahmy terhadap Pendidikan Tinggi Gontor (Penulis Anton Ismunanto). Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga.   Project in Progress: Journal. Econo-Political Interests in the 15th – 16th Century Nusantara Islamic Law: A Quest for Ummatized Paradigm. Journal. Makna Islam: Jawaban atas Gagasan Pluralisme Agama. Journal. Muhammad Abdul Aziz. Integration of Knowledge: Gontor Experience. Book. Notes from KL. A compilation of cultural articles based on Islamic perspectives during my IIUM period. Book. Notes from Malacca. A compilation of Islamic educational articles viewed during my Malacca-age’s teaching experience. Research Interest: Maqashid al-Shari’ah, Principles of Islamic Jurisprudence, Islamic Philosophy, Philosophy of Islamic Law, Sociology and Anthropology of Islamic Law, Islamic Economics, Arabic and English Grammar and their Philosophy.

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2024-05-19

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AZIZ, M. A. (2024). Wasaṭiyyah in the Thought of Maqāṣidī Tafsīr by Yūsuf al-Qaraḍāwī: The Issue of Religious Pluralism: Wasaṭiyyah dalam Pemikiran Tafsīr Maqāṣidī Yūsuf al-Qaraḍāwī: Studi Kasus Pluralisme Agama. Journal of Comparative Study of Religions, 3(2), 1–29. https://doi.org/10.21111/jcsr.v3i02.10411

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Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023): Journal of Comparative Study of Religions (JCSR)

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