Matematika dan Realitas Studi Kasus Statistika
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21111/injas.v1i1.10342Mathematics and Reality: A Case Study in Statistics
Kata Kunci:
Abstrak
Peran matematika sebagai dasar ilmu pengetahuan telah diakui sejak awal ilmu pengetahuan modern. Peran fundamental dan penting ini kemudian tidak hanya terbatas pada ilmu alam dan fisik tetapi juga diperluas ke domain sosial humaniora. Artikel ini mengulas kedudukan matematika pada hierarki ilmu dalam Islam yang dipilih dari dua ilmuan muslim yang menyusun klasifikasi ilmu yaitu Al-Fârâbî dan Ibnu Khaldun. Kemudian, mengulas berbagai definisi matematika yang dikemukakan oleh filsuf dan ahli matematika, bagaimana definisi ini dipahami, dan bagaimana mereka kemudian memengaruhi perkembangan matematika itu sendiri. Definisi tersebut yaitu, matematika sebagai ilmu bilangan dan ruang; matematika sebagai bahasa sains; dan berbagai definisi matematika dari tiga mazhab besar dari abad ke-20 . Berdasarkan definisi tersebut, artikel ini mencoba menganalisis status ontologis matematika dan objek matematika berdasarkan kerangka derajat keberadaan (marâtib al-wujûd) yang mengurutkan keberadaan menjadi lima tingkatan, yaitu keberadaan esensial (wujûd dhâtî), keberadaan konkret (wujûd 'aynî), keberadaan mental (wujûd dhihnî), keberadaan verbal (wujûd lafẓî), dan keberadaan formal atau tertulis (wujûd khattî). Dan terakhir, menerapkan dan menguji kajian ini pada salah satu disiplin matematika yakni statistika.Referensi
Al-’Abidi, Syaikh Falah, and Sayyid Sa’ad Al-Musawi. Buku Saku Logika: Sebuah Daras Ringkas. Translated by Irwan Kurniawan. Jakarta: Sadra Press, n.d.
Al-Attas, Syed Muhammad Naquib. Islam Dan Filsafat Sains. Translated by Saiful Muzani. Bandung: Mizan, 1995.
Al-Fârâbî. Ihsâ Al-‘ulûm. Edited by ’U.Amîn. Kairo: Dâr al-Fikr al’Arabî, 1949.
Al-Ghazali. Pembebas Dari Kesesatan. Translated by Kaserun. Jakarta: Turos, n.d.
Arif, Syamsuddin. Ibnu Sina’s Cosmology: A Study of the Appropiation of Greek Philosopical Ideas in 14 Th Century Islam. Kuala Lumpur: International Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilizations., 2004.
Avicenna. The Physics of The Healing. Translated by Jon McGinnis. Provo. Utah: Brigham Young University Press., n.d.
Azlan, Muhammad Ikhwan. “Matematik Dan Realitas.” TAFHIM: IKIM Journal of Islam and the Contemporary World 12, n.d.
———. “Matematik Sebagai Satu Disiplin Sains Dalam Tamadun Islam.” Fakulti Tamadun Islam (FTI-UTM), 2012.
Bacon, Roger. “The World Book Encyclopedia.” Vol. 13, 1964.
Bakar, Osman. Hierarki Ilmu. Translated by Purwanto. Bandung: Mizan, 1997.
———. Tauhid Dan Sains. Translated by Yuliani Liputo. Bandung: Pustaka Hidayah, 1995.
Bandyopadhyay, Prasanta S., Malcolm R. Forster, and Dov M. Gabbay, eds. Philosophy of Statistics. 1. ed. Handbook of the Philosophy of Science, gen. eds. Dov M. Gabbay ...; Vol. 7. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2011.
Benacerraf, Paul, and Hilary Putnam, eds. Philosophy of Mathematics Selected Readings. II. London: Cambridge University Press, 1983.
Bendick, Jeanne, and Marcia Levin. Mathematicsa Illustrated Dictionary: Facts, Figures and People Including the New Math. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1965.
Black, Max. The Nature of Mathematics: A Critical Survey. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1953.
Coles, Peter. Hawking and the Mind. New York: TOTEM BOOKS USA, 2000.
Cooley, Hollis R., and et al. Introduction to Mathematics?: A Survey Emphasizing Mathematical Ideas and Their Relation to Other Fields. 2nd ed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1949.
Courant, Richard, and Herbert Robbins. What Is Mathematics ?: An Elementary Approach to Ideas and Method. London: Oxvord University Press, 1961.
Curry, Haskell. Outlines of a Formalist Philosophy of Mathematics. Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1958.
Davies, Paul. The Mind of God ; Science and The Search for Ultimite Meaning. Penguin Group: London, 1993.
“Encyclopedia Britannica.” Vol. 14, 1968.
Fayyadhi, Golam Reza. Buku Daras Epistimologi Islam. Translated by Alfit Sair. Yogyakarta: JAKFI, 2016.
Freund, John E. A Modern Introduction to Mathematics. Chicago: Prentice Hall, 1959.
Gharaviyan, Mohsen. Pengantar Memahami Buku Daras Filsafat Islam. Translated by Muhammad Nur Djabi. Jakarta: Sadra Press, 2011.
Golshani, Mehdi. Melacak Jejak Tuhan Dalam Sains. Translated by Ahsin Muhammad. Bandung: Mizan, 2004.
Gӧdel, Kurt. On Formally Undecidable Proposition of Principia Matematica and Related System. Translated by B. Meltzer. New York: Dover Publications, n.d.
Huff, Darrell. How to Lie with Statistics. Penguin Business, 1954.
Husserl, Edmund. The Crisis of European Sciences and Transcendental Phenomenology: An Introduction to Phenomenological Philosophy. Northwestern University Studies in Phenomenology & Existential Philosophy. Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 1970.
Keyser, Cassius J. “Mathematics The Encyclopedia Americana.” Vol. 18, 1955.
Khaldun, Al-Allamah Abdurrahman bin Muhammad bin. Mukaddimah Ibnu Khaldun. Translated by Masturi Ilham Lc, Malik Supar Lc, and Abidun Zuhri. Jakarta: Pustaka Al-Kautsar, 2001.
Kline, Morris. Mathematics in Western Culture. New York: Oxford University Press, 1960.
Körner, Stephan. The Philosophy of Mathematics. New York: Dover Publications, n.d.
Lachman, Sheldon J. The Foundation Of Science. Detroit: Hamilton, 1969.
Leonhardy, Adele. Introductory College Mathematics. New York, 1962.
Martin, Elizabeth A. Kamus Sains. 6th ed. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2012.
May, Kenneth O. Elements of Modern Mathematics. New York: Second Printing, 1962.
Nasr, Seyyed Hossein. An Introduction to Islamic Cosmological Doctrines. Cambridge: Thames and Hudson, 1978.
———. Sains Dan Peradaban Di Dalam Islam. Translated by J. Mahyudin. Bandung: Pustaka, n.d.
Pierce, Benjamin. “Liniear Associative Algebra.” American Journal of Mathematics 4 (1881).
Piper, Raymond F., and Paul W. Ward. The Field and Methods of Knowledge: A Textbook in Orientation and Logic. New York: Alferd A. Knopf, 1929.
Richardson, Moses. Fundamentals of Mathematics. New York: Macmillan, n.d.
Romeijn, Jan-Willem. “Philosophy of Statistics.” Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Accessed August 11, 2020. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/statistics/.
Russell, Bertrand. Introduction to Mathematical Philosophy. London: Dover Publications, n.d.
———. Principles of Mathematics. 2. London: Reprinting, 1951.
———. Sejarah Filsafat Barat. Translated by Sigit Jatmiko, Agung Prihantoro, Imam Muttaqien, Imam Baihaqi, and Muhammad Shodiq. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2007.
Setia Moh Dom, Adi. “Rencana Penyelidikan Sains Matematik Haluan: Huraian Dan Contoh Singkat.” Universiti Putra Malaysia, n.d.
S.J, Bernard A. Hausmann. From an Ivory Tower : A Discussion of Philosophical Problems Origaniting in Modern Mathematics. Milwaukee: Bruce, 1960.
Tabak, John. The Histori of Mathematics : Geometri. New York: Library of Congress, 2011.
Uthman, Muhammad Zainiy. Lathâʼif Al-Asrâr Li Ahl Allâh al-Atyâr Syekh Nûr al-Dîn al-Rânîrî : An Annotated Transliteration Together with a Translation and an Introduction of His Exposition on the Fundamental Aspects of Ṣûfî Doctrines. Kuala Lumpur: UTM Press, 2011.
Wilder, Raymon. Introduction to the Foundation of Mathematics. New York, 1952.
Zain, Shaharir Mohamad, and Abdul Latif Samian. “Pengislaman Sains Matematika.” ASASI-IKDM, 1987.
##submission.downloads##
Telah diserahkan
Diterima
Diterbitkan
Versi
- 2024-01-07 (4)
- 2024-01-06 (3)
- 2024-01-05 (2)
- 2023-08-28 (1)
Cara Mengutip
Terbitan
Bagian
Lisensi
Hak Cipta (c) 2023 Febri Daus
Artikel ini berlisensi Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License Agreement
This License Agreement (the "Agreement") is entered into by and between the author(s) ("Author") and Indonesian Journal of Islamization Studies (INJAS) ("Journal") regarding the submission and publication of the work titled [Title of the Work] (the "Work").
1. Grant of License: By submitting the Work to the Indonesian Journal of Islamization Studies (INJAS), the Author hereby grants to the Journal a non-exclusive, worldwide, royalty-free license to reproduce, distribute, publicly display, and publicly perform the Work, as well as to make adaptations of the Work, for any lawful purpose, under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License.
2. Attribution: The Author agrees that any use of the Work by the Indonesian Journal of Islamization Studies (INJAS) or any third party must include appropriate attribution to the Author and provide a link to the license terms.
3. Rights and Permissions: The Author represents and warrants that they have the legal right to grant the license described herein, and that the Work is original and does not infringe upon any third party's rights. The Author retains all rights not expressly granted in this Agreement.
4. Author's Responsibility: The Author agrees to properly cite any sources used in the creation of the Work and to provide accurate and complete information.
5. Revocation of License: The Author acknowledges that once the Work is published under the CC BY 4.0 License, it cannot be revoked.
6. No Warranty: The Journal makes no representations or warranties regarding the use of the Work under the CC BY 4.0 License, and disclaims any liability for any use of the Work by third parties.
7. Governing Law: This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws.
By submitting the Work to the Journal, the Author agrees to be bound by the terms of this License Agreement.
