Matematika dan Realitas Studi Kasus Statistika
Mathematics and Reality: A Case Study in Statistics
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21111/injas.v1i1.10342Keywords:
Critical Mathematics, hierarchy of the sciences, definitions and statisticsAbstract
Peran matematika sebagai dasar ilmu pengetahuan telah diakui sejak awal ilmu pengetahuan modern. Peran fundamental dan penting ini kemudian tidak hanya terbatas pada ilmu alam dan fisik tetapi juga diperluas ke domain sosial humaniora. Artikel ini mengulas kedudukan matematika pada hierarki ilmu dalam Islam yang dipilih dari dua ilmuan muslim yang menyusun klasifikasi ilmu yaitu Al-Fârâbî dan Ibnu Khaldun. Kemudian, mengulas berbagai definisi matematika yang dikemukakan oleh filsuf dan ahli matematika, bagaimana definisi ini dipahami, dan bagaimana mereka kemudian memengaruhi perkembangan matematika itu sendiri. Definisi tersebut yaitu, matematika sebagai ilmu bilangan dan ruang; matematika sebagai bahasa sains; dan berbagai definisi matematika dari tiga mazhab besar dari abad ke-20 . Berdasarkan definisi tersebut, artikel ini mencoba menganalisis status ontologis matematika dan objek matematika berdasarkan kerangka derajat keberadaan (marâtib al-wujûd) yang mengurutkan keberadaan menjadi lima tingkatan, yaitu keberadaan esensial (wujûd dhâtî), keberadaan konkret (wujûd 'aynî), keberadaan mental (wujûd dhihnî), keberadaan verbal (wujûd lafẓî), dan keberadaan formal atau tertulis (wujûd khattî). Dan terakhir, menerapkan dan menguji kajian ini pada salah satu disiplin matematika yakni statistika.References
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