The Role Of African Risk Capacity In Mitigating The Food Crisis Due To Climate Change In Mali In 2021-2022
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21111/mediasi.v6i1.10135Keywords:
Role, African Risk Capacity, Food Crisis, Climate Change, MaliAbstract
This study aims to explain the role of the African Risk Capacity (ARC) organization in tackling the food crisis due to climate change in Mali in 2021-2022. This study used a descriptive qualitative method, with the research object describing the role of the ARC organization in tackling the food crisis due to disasters related to climate change in the country of Mali and using a literature study as a data collection technique. From this study, the authors found that ARC climate risk insurance has an impact on reducing hunger and poverty in Mali by 2021 by providing financial support for emergency response and disaster risk reduction initiatives. ARC also assists with disaster management program planning and participates in carrying out supervision when the program is implemented. ARC's efforts have proven to help ease the burden on local governments in responding to climate hazards and reduce the impact of climate-related disasters on the most vulnerable populations and gradually increase their welfare.References
REFERENCE
Book
Hardani, dkk. (2020). Penelitian Kualitatif & Kuantitatif. Yogyakarta: CV. Pustaka Ilmu.
Zahrah, M. A. (1980). “Al-'Alaqotu al-Dauliyah fil Islam”. Nasr: Dar al Fikr al Arabi.
Journal
Abass, A. B., Ndunguru, G., Mamiro, P., Alenkhe, B., Mlingi, N., & Bekunda, M. (2013). Post-harvest food losses in a maize-based farming system of semi-arid savannah area of Tanzania. Journal of Stored Products Research, 49-57.
Alkire, S. (2003). A Conceptual Framework for Human Security. Oxford: Centre for Research on Inequality, Human Security and Ethnicity.
Axelrod, R., & Keohane, R. O. (1985). Achieving Cooperation under Anarchy: Strategies and Institutions. World Politics, 226-254.
Ekaputri, W. A. (2020). Peran Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Dalam Menangani Krisis Pangan di Ethiopia. JOM Fisip, 1-11.
Hariani, R. (2017). Peran World Food Programme (WFP) Dalam Menangani Krisis Pangan Di Sierra Leone Tahun 2009-2011. Jurnal Fisip Universitas Riau, 1-13.
Keohane, R. O. (1990). Multilateralism: An Agenda for Research. International Journal, 731-764.
Minca, M. (2015). Types of international cooperation at the local level Bucharest city hall case study. Theoretical and Applied Economics, 237-246.
Minabari, E. S., & Hamin, F. (2019). Peran CELAC Dalam Menangani Krisis Pangan Di Haiti. Jurnal Sospol, 103-121.
Mwaniki, A. (2006). Achieving Food Security in Africa: Challenges and Issues. New York: Cornel University, Soil and Nutrition Laboratory.
Subiyanto, A., Boer, R., Edvin, A., Perdinan, & Rilus , K. (2018). Isu Perubahan Iklim Dalam Konteks Keamanan Dan Ketahanan Nasional. Jurnal Ketahanan Nasional, 287-305.
Surminski, S., Barnes, J., & Vincent, K. (2022). Can insurance catalyse government planning on climate? Emergent evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa. Development World, 1-16.
Thacher, P. S. (1991). Multilateral Cooperation and Global Change. Journal of International Affairs, 433-455.
Website
Action Against Hunger. (2021). World Hunger: Key Facts and Statistics 2021. Retrieved from Action Against Hunger: https://www.actionagainsthunger.org/world-hunger-facts-statistics
African Union Development Agency. (2002, 05 27). Nutrition and Food Security at the centre of AUDA NEPAD’s Africa Day commemoration. Retrieved from AUDA-NEPAD: https://www.nepad.org/news/nutrition-and-food-security-centre-of-auda-nepads-africa-day-commemoration
African Risk Capacity. (2022). About Us. Retrieved from African Risk Capacity: https://www.arc.int/about
African Risk Capacity. (2022). ARC Member States. Retrieved from African Risk Capacity: https://www.arc.int/countries
African Risk Capaity. (2022). Governance and Finance. Retrieved from African Risk Capacity: https://www.africanriskcapacity.org/about-us/governance-finance/
African News. (2022, 10). Climate change clears Mali’s Lake Faguibine, displaces population. Retrieved from African News: https://www.africanews.com/2021/10/27/climate-change-clears-mali-s-lake-faguibine-displaces-population//
Borlaug Higher Education for Agricultural Research and Development. (2017, September 11). Replacing rainfall with irrigation technology in Mali. Retrieved from Michigan State University:https://www.canr.msu.edu/news/replacing_rainfall_with_irrigation_technology_in_mali
Deepublish. (2021, July 21). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif: Pengertian Menurut Ahli. Retrieved from Deepublish: https://penerbitdeepublish.com/metode-penelitian-kualitatif/#1_Koentjaraningrat
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. (2015). Climate Change and Food Security: Risks and Responses. Retrieved from Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations: https://www.fao.org/3/i5188e/I5188E.pdf
Iberdrola. (2022). Multilateralism, the most effective way to fight climate change. Retrieved from Iberdrola: https://www.iberdrola.com/social-commitment/what-is-multilateralism
ICRC. (2022, November 16). Climate Change In Mali. Retrieved from International Committee Of Red Cross: https://www.icrc.org/en/document/climate-change-mali-we-drilled-deep-found-nothing
IGI Global Dictionary. (2022). What is Library Research. Retrieved from IGI Global Dictionary: https://www.igi-global.com/dictionary/library-research/75496
International Monetary Fund. (2022, September). Climate Change and Chronic Food Insecurity in Sub-Saharan Africa. Retrieved from International Monetary Fund: https://www.imf.org/-/media/Files/Publications/DP/2022/English/CCCFISSAEA.ashx
Inter-American Institute of Human Rights. (2009, April 21). What is Human Security? Retrieved from IIHR: https://www.iidh.ed.cr/multic/default_12.aspx?contenidoid=ea75e2b1-9265-4296-9d8c-3391de83fb42&Portal=IIDHSeguridadEN
The Noble Qur'an. (2022). Surah Al Maidah English Translation. Retrieved from The Noble Qur'an: https://quran.com/5
Paulo, S. (2014, April 30). International Cooperation and Development A Conceptual Overview. Retrieved from German Development Institute: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2430206
Qadhi, Y. (2011, September 14). Seerah of Prophet Muhammed 8 - The Early Manhood of Prophet Muhammed. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BKh04EyJw1g
Relief Web. (2021, December 09). Mali: Alarming food crisis leaves 1.9 million hungry. Retrieved from Relief Web: https://reliefweb.int/report/mali/mali-alarming-food-crisis-leaves-12-million-hungry
Relief Web. (2022, Maret 07). Drought-stricken Mali receives first-ever ARC Limited climate risk insurance pay-out. Retrieved from Reliefweb: https://reliefweb.int/report/mali/drought-stricken-mali-receives-first-ever-arc-limited-climate-risk-insurance-pay-out
Rincón, E. (2021, Desember 26). How International Aid Failed Africa and Made Poverty Worse. Retrieved from FEE Stories: https://fee.org/articles/how-international-aid-failed-africa-and-made-poverty-worse/
Statista. (2022, Agustus 05). Share of undernourished people worldwide in 2021, by region. Retrieved from Statista: https://www.statista.com/statistics/273291/number-of-people-with-malnutrition-worldwide/
TafsirWeb. (2022). Tafsir Surat Al-Ma’idah Ayat 2 Tafsir As-Sa'di, Syaikh Abdurrahman bin Nashir as-Sa'di, Pakar Tafsir Abad Ke 14 Hijriyah. Retrieved from TafsirWeb: https://tafsirweb.com/1886-surat-al-maidah-ayat-2.html
The World Bank. (2021, October 14). Poverty. Retrieved from The World Bank: https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/poverty/overview#1
The World Bank. (2022, Mei 24). Mali Economic Update: Resilience in Uncertain Times - Renewing the Social Contract. Retrieved from The World Bank: https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2022/05/24/mali-economic-update-resilience-in-uncertain-times-renewing-the-social-contract
The Swiss Centre of Competence for International Cooperation. (2022). What is international cooperation. Retrieved from Cinfo: https://www.cinfo.ch/en/individuals/get-informed/field-of-work-and-labour-market/what-is-international-cooperation
USAID. (2018, December). Climate Risk Profile Mali. Retrieved from USAID: https://www.climatelinks.org/sites/default/files/asset/document/Mali_CRP_Final.pdf
World Health Organization. (2021, June 09). Malnutrition. Retrieved from World Health Organization: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/malnutrition
World Vision. (2021). Global poverty: Facts, FAQs, and how to help. Retrieved from World Vision: https://www.worldvision.org/sponsorship-news-stories/global-poverty-facts
World Vision. (2022, April 06). Breaking the Spiral of the Food and Nutrition Crisis in Mali. Retrieved from World Vision: https://www.wvi.org/publications/policy-paper/hunger-crisis/breaking-spiral-food-and-nutrition-crisis-mali-our-joint
Document
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, UN Economic Comission for Africa, African Union. (2021). African Regional Overview of Food and Nutrition. Kiambu County, Kenya: Food and Agriculture Organization.
Hermann, A., Köferl, D., & Mairhöfer, J. J. (2016). Climate Risk Insurance: New Approaches and Schemes. Berlin: Allianz Economic Research.
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. (2015). IPCC Expert Meeting on Climate Change, Food, and Agriculture. Dublin, Ireland: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
The African Climate Foundation. (2021). Strategic Framework 2021-2025. The African Climate Foundation.
The African Risk Capacity. (2021). African Risk Capacity (ARC). Johannesburg: The African Risk Capacity.
United Nations Food And Agriculrural Organization. (2015). Climate Change and Food Security: Risks and Responses. Rome: United Nations Food And Agriculrural Organization.
UN Economic Forum for Africa. (2021). Africa Regional Overview of Food Security and Nutrition. Accra: UN Economic Forum for Africa.
World Food Programme. (2022). WFP Mali Country Brief June 2022. World Food Programme.
