Mediasi Journal of International Relations

THE ROLE OF ICRC (INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE OF THE RED CROSS) AS A PROTECTOR OF CHILDREN & WOMEN IN THE TIGRAY ETHNIC CONFLICT IN ETHIOPIA IN 2020- 2022

Faizah Nur'ain — 2025-01-02

The Tigray non-international armed conflict began in 2020 between Ethiopian military forces including ENDF (Ethiopian National Defense Force), EDF (Eritrean Defense Force), ASF (Amhara Special Forces) and Amhara Militia Groups and TPLF rebels, the conflict began when TPLF rebels attacked Ethiopian military bases operating in the Tigray region and this conflict ended in 2022 in this conflict there have been violations of International Humanitarian Law. The Tigray armed conflict that involved civilians as the main target for women and children. This research aims to analyze the role of the ICRC (International Committee of the Red Cross) based on international humanitarian law as a protector of children & women in the Tigray ethnic conflict in Ethiopia in 2020-2022. This research uses a literature study research design with descriptive qualitative methods, data collection techniques using literature studies looking for sources from several journals, books, previous research and international websites. This research was analyzed using the concept of human rights in war and international organizations. The results of the research show that the ICRC is one of the international organizations that is able to play a role in accordance with the functions of international organizations as an initiator, facilitator and mediator which can ease the burden on the victims when the war lasts until after the war.

IMPLICATIONS OF NICKEL ORE EXPORT RESTRICTIONS ON MINERAL SECTOR TRADE IN INDONESIA IN 2020-2023

Nala Chamelia — 2025-01-02

Limiting nickel ore exports is a government effort to protect and prevent depletion of mineral resources, especially nickel. One form of government policy is to limit the export of raw nickel ore by processing raw nickel ore so that it has added value to the downstream nickel industry in the global market. With so many other countries' interest in Indonesian nickel, the Indonesian government protects Indonesian nickel. This study aims to analyze the implications of Indonesia's nickel export protectionism policy on mineral sector trade. This research uses deductive qualitative research methods with literature review data collection techniques from secondary data sources. The theory used in this research is the theory of protectionism. The results of this study indicate that protectionist measures taken by the Indonesian government have a significant impact on the mineral sector and the national economy, because Indonesia is the largest nickel producer in the world. Protectionism efforts by the Indonesian government have an impact on sustainable development and creating economic independence from the nickel industry.

The Influence of African Continentl Free Trade Are on Indonesian Palm Oil Eports to Africa

Alfian — 2025-01-02

African Continental Free Trade Area provides easy access for commodity markets on the African continent that were previously hampered, easy market access also provides a great opportunity for commodities to experience a decline in availability that was previously not felt. there is an increase in Indonesian palm oil exports to African countries after the agreement of the African Continental Free Trade Area. This research look for how does the African Continental Free Trade Area affect Indonesia's palm oil exports to the African Continent. The method in this research is a qualitative research method. secondary data is used to find answers in this research, trade cooperation and regionalism used to explain the phenomenon, The influence of the African Continental Free Trade Area affects the export activities of Indonesian palm oil which results in an increase in the number of Indonesian palm oil exports to Africa. Good relations between Indonesia and countries on the African continent that have been established for a long time and Indonesia's ability as the largest producer of palm oil products in the world is the right reason for African countries to choose palm oil imports from Indonesia,.

Burundi’s Withdrawal From The International Criminal Court (ICC) During The Era Of Pierre Nkurunziza’s Government

Laila Choirul Fazriyah — 2025-01-27

Pierre Nkurunziza's candidacy for a third term as president of Burundi has triggered an increase in crimes against humanity in Burundi and prompted the International Criminal Court (ICC) to open an investigation. In 2016, under Nkurunziza's leadership, Burundi withdrew from the International Criminal Court (ICC). Using an explanatory qualitative research design, this research discusses the factors behind Burundi's decision to withdraw from the International Criminal Court (ICC) during the Nkurunziza administration. Data was collected through literature studies from various books, journals, and national and international official websites. The analysis used the rational actor model approach and classical realism theory to explain Nkurunziza's policy regarding Burundi's withdrawal from the International Criminal Court (ICC). The analysis shows that Nkurunziza's decision to withdraw Burundi from the International Criminal Court (ICC) is based on cost-benefit considerations. Costs obtained by Burundi include loss of attachment to the Rome Statute, a reduction in Burundi's international reputation, and an impact on Burundi's diplomatic relations. While the benefits received by Burundi; Pierre Nkurunziza / state officials are free from International Criminal Court (ICC) investigations into humanitarian violations, have domestic legal control, reduce internal political tensions, and allow the state to apply policy flexibility. This shows that the correlation between state leaders and a country's policies is interrelated.

The Contribution Of United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) In Sustainable Fisheries Development In Indonesia 2019-2023

Regga Fajar Hidatyat — 2025-01-02

This type of research is qualitative research, using Liberal Institutional theory and the concept of SDGs. Data collection was conducted through desk research and secondary data techniques to obtain the necessary data. The Miles and Huberman model identifies three main processes in data analysis: data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. This research was conducted as an effort to find out the extent of UNIDO's contribution and implications in the development of the sustainable fisheries sector and towards sustainable development (SDGs) No. 14 in Indonesia in 2019-2023. This research provides academic benefits by enriching the literature on the role of international institutions in the development of sustainable fisheries sector. Practically, the results of this study serve as a guide for policy makers and fisheries industry players in improving quality and sustainability standards. The implementation of Indonesia's GQSP has been going well in all sectors, as a whole. Based on the targeted Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), GQSP has achieved 100% of 52 Output KPIs, 80% of 33 Outcome KPIs and 67.3% of 7 Impact KPIs. In its contribution to improving quality infrastructure and services, strengthening producers and value chains, and building a culture of quality, these aspects have a major contribution. This can be seen from the growth of Indonesian fishery product exports over the past five years (2017-2022). In 2017 Indonesia reached an export figure of 1.08 million tons worth USD 4.52 billion and to 1.22 million tons worth USD 6.24 billion in 2022. UNIDO through GQSP Indonesia has successfully improved the overall quality of Indonesia's fisheries industry. NQIS has brought significant positive impacts in various aspects of fisheries industry development.

Greenpeace Effort in Opposing Food Estate Development in Indonesia

Mevlana Yasin — 2025-01-02

This research aims to analyze the efforts made by Greenpeace in opposing food estate development. The method used in this research is qualitative method. This research uses a literature study approach. The data used in this research were obtained through scientific journals, theses, related articles, official websites, and documentation from related institutions. The data analysis technique used in this research uses data reduction techniques, the conceptual framework that author uses in this research is the concept of Environmental Non-Governmental Organization and the concept of non-violence. The results of this study show that in an effort to oppose the development of food estate in Indonesia, Greenpeace made efforts described by McCormick in the concept of environmental NGO. The efforts made by Greenpeace in opposing the development of food estates in indonesia are, collaboration with authorized local officials, conducting campaigns, utilizing the media as a means of disseminating campaigns, conducting research, and building public awareness of the importance of maintaining environmental awareness. In addition, Greenpeace also uses a non-violent approach in its actions. This approach is carried out through two methods, protest and persuasion methods.