Mediasi Journal of International Relations

Nigeria's Foreign Policy Under The Military

Mahmud Osho — 2025-07-26

Nigeria's foreign policy under military regimes played a crucial role in shaping the country's global standing and reinforcing its influence across the African continent. During periods of military rule, foreign policy decisions were often centralized and driven by national interest, regime legitimacy, and Nigeria's ambition to assert itself as a regional power. This paper examines the trajectory of Nigeria’s foreign policy during its various military regimes, particularly from the 1960s to the 1990s, highlighting key strategies, notable achievements, and persistent challenges. It explores the fundamental principles that guided these decisions, such as Afrocentrism, non-alignment, and pan-African solidarity, and assesses how these principles translated into practical diplomatic actions. Special attention is given to Nigeria’s leadership in regional peacekeeping missions, its mediation roles in African conflicts, and the pursuit of economic diplomacy aimed at promoting trade and development partnerships. The study further evaluates the implications of authoritarian governance on diplomatic engagement and international perception. The paper concludes by offering recommendations on how Nigeria can sustain its diplomatic legacy, strengthen regional cooperation, and address the institutional and strategic shortcomings rooted in its military-dominated foreign policy era

Transnational Advocacy Network Analysis: Greenpeace's Efforts In Addressing Plastic Waste In Indonesia (2019-2024)

Sri Piona Dinda dinda — 2025-07-26

Plastic waste remains a global challenge. Indonesia is one of the countries with the most plastic waste in the world, ranking third. Two factors contribute to Indonesia's increased plastic usage: an expanding economy and a rapid population increase. If not properly and effectively managed, this waste leads to increased environmental pollution. The goal of this research is to examine the implementation of Greenpeace's transnational advocacy network in its efforts to reduce plastic use in Indonesia. This study employs the concept of international advocacy networks. This research adopts descriptive qualitative research methodologies, using data gathered through a literature review. The findings of this study provide details about Greenpeace's efforts to address the problem of plastic waste in Indonesia through its transnational advocacy network efforts, which include conducting brand audits, implementing anti-plastic campaigns, submitting recommendations, urging large corporations to take action, and promoting global plastic agreements. Greenpeace's motive to push for plastic waste in Indonesia is consistent with its mission: to safeguard the world and its contents from the negative impacts of the environment. Despite Greenpeace being fairly influential in tackling this issue, there are still various obstacles in efforts to reduce plastic waste. Hence, strategic and tactical steps are needed from all relevant stakeholders, including the public, to overcome the waste problem in Indonesia.

The Role of The World Food Programme (WFP) in Strengthening Food Security in Syria During The Period 2020-2023

Lismana Pratama — 2025-07-26

prolonged Syrian conflict since 2011 has led to a severe humanitarian crisis, particularly in food security, with over half the population struggling to meet basic needs. The war has destroyed infrastructure, disrupted food production, and increased reliance on international aid. This study examines the World Food Programmes (WFP) role in enhancing food security in Syria from 2020 to 2023, amid economic sanctions and political instability. Through qualitative analysis, the research highlights WFPs impact through emergency food distribution, cash assistance, agricultural support, and nutrition programs. Despite challenges like infrastructure damage, security risks, and funding constraints, WFPs innovative programs have effectively addressed immediate needs and contributed to sustainable food systems in Syria

The Role of UNICEF in Increasing Children’s Education Affected by Armed Conflict in Yemen in 2021-2022

Hasbi Ash Shiddiq Adiman — 2025-07-26

The armed conflict in Yemen is a complex and unpredictable situation. Children affected by the armed conflict in Yemen experience a variety of serious consequences, not only experiencing psychological trauma due to physical violence and also facing the destruction of their environment to deprive them of their rights, especially the right to a proper education. The purpose of this research is to determine the role of UNICEF in improving children's education affected by the armed conflict in Yemen from 2021-2022 by using the concept of international organizations which is then analyzed by Maqashid al-Syariah in analyzing the shape of the role as Islamic point of view. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods and data is obtained through literature study techniques. The results found that UNICEF as an international organization has a direct mandate on funding and humanitarian assistance, and its independent actions is a program resulting from joint cooperation. Children are the focus of international attention, and UNICEF plays a role in providing humanitarian assistance to children in Yemen. UNICEF promotes children's education affected by conflict as the main priority. Furthermore, the role it takes is generally positive based on the principles of Maqashid al-Syariah. Thus, this research provides an understanding of the role of UNICEF and Maqashid al-Shari'ah in improving children's education with humanitarian assistance through its role as an international organization which includes the role of instruments, arenas and actors.

The Influence of Indonesia's Gastrodiplomacy in The United States on The Level of Investment in The Food Industry Sector In Indonesia In 2021-2022

Aura Aulia Dewiku — 2025-07-26

Gastrodiplomacy is an effective strategy for introducing and promoting culture. The lack of knowledge of the international community about the diversity of Indonesian culture and culinary arts has moved the Indonesian government to practice gastrodiplomacy in various countries, especially the United States. Multiple efforts have been made to support the progress of Indonesia's gastrodiplomacy process; some of these activities include Indonesia's participation in cultural festivals and exhibitions, international events, and cooking demonstrations. Indonesia's gastrodiplomacy indirectly affects economic growth. This study analyzes how Indonesia's gastrodiplomacy affects US investment in Indonesia, especially in the food industry sector. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods with literature review data collection techniques from secondary data sources. The theories used in this research are gastrodiplomacy, foreign direct investment, and halalan thayyiban. The results of this study indicate that the gastrodiplomacy implemented by Indonesia in the United States has influenced the influx of investment in Indonesia in the food industry sector, especially food ingredients commodities. The increase in US investment from 2021 to 2022 in Indonesia's food industry sector is one of the successes of Indonesia's gastrodiplomacy.Through gastrodiplomacy, Indonesia makes people aware of the importance of halal food, reintroduces Islamic values, and helps change the negative perception of the American people towards Islam

THE IMPACT OF SINGAPORES INVESTMENT IN IMPROVING WASTE MANAGEMENT THROUGH CIRCULATE CAPITAL IN RECIKI SOLUSI INDONESIA

Anisa Nuryanti Affandi — 2025-07-26

Environmental issues are currently a concern for many countries, and Indonesia is one of the countries that needs help in creating sustainable development. The Singapore's Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) to Indonesia has increased after the Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT) where it affects the implementation of sustainable development investment in Indonesia. This research uses a qualitative approach, the library research is conducted to the data collect data which then analyz descriptively. The results of this study, that Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and green economy on Singapore's investment through Circulate Capital in Reciki Solusi Indonesia, explained the development of economy status also impact on the environmental sector, called waste management. The Circulate Capital Ocean Fund (CCOF) for the purpose of maintenance then develop Reciki Solusi Indonesia of â€œImproving Collection and Recoveryâ€ play a greater role enhance partnership in several cities / districts in Indonesia then, it also impact on local community empowerment for more job vacancies which directly enhance the social welfare.