Relasi Pengetahuan dan Perilaku (Tinjauan Pemikiran Fakhruddin al-Razi)

Abstract

A worldview is an essential foundation that cannot be taken lightly in understanding behavior. The secular modern-Western worldview, dominated by a scientific perspective, has brought progress. However, it has also had negative implications for other worldviews, particularly in the field of epistemology. This paper aims to discuss the urgency of epistemology and its relationship with behavior from the perspective of Fakhr al-Din al-Razi. Using a descriptive-analytical method, this study yields several important conclusions: first, epistemology devoid of religious values differs from epistemology built upon a religious foundation. Second, the religious epistemology developed by past scholars, such as al-Razi, not only brought progress but also simultaneously fostered peace. Third, progress rooted in religious epistemology implies a reciprocal relationship between behavior and its surrounding environment. The reality of this reciprocal relationship between behavior and a religious-based environment differs from what psychologists and their supporters have proposed. Al-Razi's religious epistemology significantly contributes to the development of comprehensive behavior, as it is derived from knowledge based on revelation.