Implementation of the Qardh Agreement on the Financial Technology Lending Platform in the Development of Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) in Indonesia

Authors

  • Muhammad Irkham Firdaus University of Darussalam Gontor, Indonesia
  • M. Akhlis Azamuddin Tifani University of Darussalam Gontor, Indonesia
  • Sri Firda Rahmi Aliya Putri University of Darussalam Gontor, Indonesia
  • Zulfikri Zulfikri International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Malaysia (Corresponding Author)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21111/al-iktisab.v6i1.7774

Keywords:

Implementation, Qardh, Financial Technology, SME

Abstract

Financial technology is a new financial innovation that has an important role in the development of the national economy. The convenience offered is the main attraction among the people. besides that it also has a very high impact on the development of Small and Medium Enterprises (SME). However, the system applied is the same as the conventional financial system, such as the interest system on online loans. Although innovative and helpful, the interest system applied is the same as a loan from a loan shark, where the interest given is very burdensome. So in this study, we discuss the implementation of qardh contracts on the financial technology lending platform, and how it affects the development of SME. This type of research is library research, which is research conducted by collecting data from various literature books, journals, website writings, magazines, laws, fatwas, or from various writings. The approach used in this research is qualitative, where the research procedure uses descriptive data in the form of written words. The researcher will explain the terms and elements that must be met in implementing the qardh contract on the peer to peer lending platform. The result is, the implementation of qardh contracts on financial technology lending platforms should avoid the various elements namely riba, gharar, maysir, tadlis, dharar, zhulm, and haram. If in practice all these elements are avoided, it will facilitate all actors of SME. Where the perpetrator will not be stuck in huge debt because of interest, and avoid ambiguity and fraud that will be to the detriment of one party. In addition, the existence of the qardh contract based financial technology loan platform will make it easier for SME actors to obtain loans or capital to develop their SME.Financial technology (fintech) merupakan inovasi keuangan baru yang memiliki peran penting dalam pembangunan perekonomian nasional. Kenyamanan yang ditawarkan menjadi daya tarik tersendiri bagi masyarakat. selain itu juga berdampak sangat tinggi terhadap perkembangan Usaha Kecil Menengah (UKM). Namun sistem yang diterapkan sama dengan sistem keuangan konvensional, seperti sistem bunga pinjaman online. Meski inovatif dan membantu, sistem bunga yang diterapkan sama seperti pinjaman dari rentenir, di mana bunga yang diberikan sangat memberatkan. Maka dalam penelitian ini, kami membahas implementasi akad qardh pada platform fintech lending, dan bagaimana pengaruhnya terhadap perkembangan UKM. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan, yaitu penelitian yang dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan data dari berbagai literatur buku, jurnal, tulisan website, majalah, undang-undang, fatwa, atau dari berbagai tulisan. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif, dimana prosedur penelitian menggunakan data deskriptif berupa kata-kata tertulis. Peneliti akan menjelaskan syarat dan unsur yang harus dipenuhi dalam pelaksanaan akad qardh pada platform peer to peer lending. Hasilnya, pelaksanaan akad qardh pada platform fintech lending harus menghindari berbagai unsur yakni riba, gharar, maysir, tadlis, dharar, zhulm, dan haram. Jika dalam praktiknya semua elemen tersebut dihindari, maka akan memudahkan semua pelaku UKM. Di mana pelaku tidak akan terjerat hutang yang besar karena bunga, serta terhindar dari kerancuan dan penipuan yang akan merugikan salah satu pihak. Selain itu, dengan adanya platform pinjaman fintech berbasis akad qardh akan semakin memudahkan para pelaku UKM untuk mendapatkan pinjaman atau modal untuk mengembangkan UKM-nya.

References

Benuf, Kornelius, Siti Mahmudah, and Ery Agus Priyono. “Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Keamanan Data Konsumen Financial Technology Di Indonesia.” Refleksi Hukum: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 3, no. 2 (2019): 145–60. https://doi.org/10.24246/jrh.2019.v3.i2.p145-160.Firdaus, Muhammad Irkham, Devid Frastiawan Amir Sup, Annas Syams Rizal Fahmi, May Shinta Retnowati, and Muhammad Abdul Aziz. “Implementasi Akad Murabahah Terhadap Platform Peer to Peer Lending.” Muamalatuna 13, no. 1 (2021): 1–18. https://doi.org/10.37035/mua.v13i1.4582.Hadad, Muliaman. “Public Lecture: Financial Technology (FinTech) Di Indonesia.” 2017.Hasan, Akhmad Farroh. Fiqh Muammalah Dari Klasik Hingga Kontemporer. Malang: UIN Malik Press, 2018.Hidayat, Taufik. Buku Pintar Investasi Bank Syariah. Jakarta: Mediakita, 2011.Kemenag. Mushaf Al-Qur’an Terjemah. Bandung: Nur Publishing, 2009.Machmud, Muslimin. “Perkembangan Teknologi Dalam Industri Media.” Jurnal Teknik Industri 12, no. 1 (2011): 57–64. https://doi.org/10.22219/JTIUMM.Vol12.No1.57-64.Mas’adi, Ghufran A. Fiqh Muamalah Kontekstual. Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Persada, 2002.Maulida, Sri, Ahmadi Hasan, and Masyitah Umar. “Implementasi Akad Pembiayaan Qard Dan Wakalah Bil Ujrah Pada Platform Fintech Lending Syariah Ditinjau Berdasarkan Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) Dan Fatwa DSN-MUI.” Al-Tijary 5, no. 2 (2020): 175–89. https://doi.org/10.21093/at.v5i2.2303.Muslich, Ahmad Wardi. Fiqh Muamalah. Jakarta: Amzah, 2010.Ningsih, Diah Rahayu. “Peran Financial Technology (Fintech) Dalam Membantu Perkembangan Wirausaha UMKM.” In Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pendidikan Program Pascasarjana Universitas PGRI Palembang, 270–77. Palembang: Universitas PGRI Palembang, 2020. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/322574022.pdf.Setiani, Dina Dwi, Hanien Nivanty, Wardah Lutfiah, and Lilik Rahmawati. “Fintech Syariah: Manfaat Dan Problematika Penerapan Pada UMKM.” Jurnal Masharif Al-Syariah: Jurnal Ekonomi & Perbankan Syariah 5, no. 1 (2020): 75–90. https://doi.org/10.30651/jms.v5i1.4718.Sudiarti, Sri. Fiqh Muamalah Kontemporer. Medan: FEBI UIN-SU Press, 2018.Sup, Devid Frastiawan Amir. “Al-Qawa’id Al-Fiqhiyah: Tantangan Ilmiah Kemunculannya Dan Aplikasinya Dalam Bidang Ekonomi Shari’ah.” An-Nuha: Jurnal Kajian Islam, Pendidikan, Budaya Dan Sosial 8, no. 2 (2021): 327–45. https://doi.org/10.36835/annuha.v8i2.457.———. “Government Efforts to Prevent Potential Violence Against Women During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Indonesia.” Syariah: Jurnal Hukum Dan Pemikiran 21, no. 1 (2021): 103–24. https://doi.org/10.18592/sjhp.v21i2.4146.———. “Mengawal Nilai-Nilai Produksi Melalui Amdal: Perspektif Ekonomi Syariah.” In Isu-Isu Kontemporer Dalam Pendidikan, Ekonomi, Dan Hukum, 317–30. Yogyakarta: Trussmedia Grafika, 2021.———. Pengantar Perbankan Syariah Di Indonesia (Sejarah, Perkembangan, Regulasi, Dan Fatwa). Ponorogo: UNIDA Gontor Press, 2022.———. “The State’s Efforts in Preserving the Environment Through Regulation.” Sustainability: Theory, Practice and Policy 1, no. 2 (2021): 200–214.———. “Wakaf Kontemporer Di Indonesia Dalam Perspektif Hukum Dan Fatwa.” Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi Syariah 4, no. 2 (2021): 235–56. https://doi.org/10.30595/jhes.v4i2.11093.Sup, Devid Frastiawan Amir, Selamet Hartanto, and Rokhmat Muttaqin. “Konsep Terminasi Akad Dalam Hukum Islam.” Ijtihad: Jurnal Hukum Dan Ekonomi Islam 14, no. 2 (2020): 137–52. https://doi.org/10.21111/ijtihad.v14i2.4684.Yudhira, Ahmad. “Analisis Perkembangan Financial Technology (Fintech) Syariah Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Di Indonesia.” Value: Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi, Keuangan, Dan Bisnis 1, no. 2 (2021): 13–28. https://doi.org/10.36490/value.v2i1.118.Zustika, Anisa Fadilah. “Financial Technology (Fintech) Berbasis Sistem Peer To Peer Lending (P2PL) Dalam Perspektif Hifdzu Mal: Studi Kasus Perusahaan Investree.” UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya, 2019. http://digilib.uinsby.ac.id/38637/2/Anisa Fadilah Zustika_G94216152.pdf.

Downloads

Published

2022-05-26

How to Cite

Firdaus, Muhammad Irkham, M. Akhlis Azamuddin Tifani, Sri Firda Rahmi Aliya Putri, and Zulfikri Zulfikri. 2022. “Implementation of the Qardh Agreement on the Financial Technology Lending Platform in the Development of Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) in Indonesia”. AL-IKTISAB: Journal of Islamic Economic Law 6 (1):65-78. https://doi.org/10.21111/al-iktisab.v6i1.7774.

Issue

Vol. 6 No. 1 (2022)

Section

Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2022 Al-Iktisab: Journal of Islamic Economic Law

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Publishing your paper with Al-Iktisab: Journal of Islamic Economic Law means that the author or authors retain the copyright in the paper. Al-Iktisab: Journal of Islamic Economic Law granted an exclusive non commercial reuse license by the author(s), but the author(s) are able to put the paper onto a website, distribute it to colleagues, give it to students, use it in your thesis etc, so long as the use is not directed at commercial advantage or toward private monetary gain. The author(s) can reuse the figures and tables and other information contained in their paper published by Al-Iktisab: Journal of Islamic Economic Law in future papers or work without having to ask anyone for permission, provided that the figures, tables or other information that is included in the new paper or work properly references the published paper as the source of the figures, tables or other information, and the new paper or work is not direct at private monetary gain or commercial advantage.

Al-Iktisab: Journal of Islamic Economic Law journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. This journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon your work non-commercially, and although their new works must also acknowledge & be non-commercial, they don’t have to license their derivative works on the same terms.

Al-Iktisab: Journal of Islamic Economic Law journal Open Access articles are distributed under this Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Articles can be read and shared for noncommercial purposes under the following conditions:

  • BY: You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use (Attribution).
  • NC: You may not use the material for commercial purposes (Non Commercial).
  • SA: If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original (Share Alike).