RAPID ASSESSMENT: POPULASI LALAT BUAH (Bactrocera sp.) PADA BUDIDAYA CABAI DI KECAMATAN SUMBANG, KABUPATEN BANYUMAS, PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH
Rapid Assessment: Fruit Fly (Bactrocera sp.) Population of Chili Cultivation in Sumbang District, Banyumas Regency, Central Java Province
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21111/agrotech.v11i02.15245Keywords:
Rapid assessment, Bactrocera sp., Tanaman Cabai, Kecamatan SumbangAbstract
Tanaman cabai (family Solanaceae, kelas Magnoliopsida), yang umum dimanfaatkan buahnya, merupakan tanaman hortikultura yang memiliki nilai nutrisi dan farmakologi yang tinggi, serta rasa dan warna yang unik. Kecamatan Sumbang menjadi kecamatan dengan produksi cabai tertinggi di antara 27 kecamatan di Kabupaten Banyumas. Namun demikian, ancaman hama dari lalat buah dapat menurunkan hasil panen yang berkisar antara 30-60%, dan dapat mencapai 100% jika tidak dilakukan pengendalian yang tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keragaman lalat buah (Bactrocera sp.) di lahan budidaya cabai Kecamatan Sumbang, Kabupaten Banyumas. Penelitian menggunakan metode pengambilan sampel purposive random sampling. Koleksi dilakukan pada 19 (sembilan belas) lokasi, yang mewakili desa-desa di Kecamatan Sumbang. Lalat buah dikoleksi dengan atraktan berbahan aktif metil eugenol, selama kurang lebih 24 jam. Hasil identifikasi menemukan sebanyak 4 (empat) spesies lalat buah, yakni Bactrocera dorsalis, B. carambolae, B. umbrosa, dan B. papayae. Spesies B. dorsalis menunjukkan porsi terbesar (47,97%) dari segi jumlah yang dikoleksi dan diidentifikasi, dibandingkan dengan ketiga spesies lainnya. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman berdasarkan Shannon-Weiner menunjukkan kriteria sedang, di angka 1,107. Sementara itu, indeks keseragaman/kemerataan Evennes menunjukkan nilai yang dikategorikan dalam kriteria tinggi. Nilai Chao-1, berada di angka 4, yang menunjukkan estimasi jumlah spesies yang belum ditemukan. Selanjutnya, analisis kemiripan antar lokasi penelitian dengan clustering analysis menggunakan similarity index Jaccard menunjukkan bahwa spesies lalat buah yang dikoleksi dari Kecamatan Sumbang menunjukkan pengelompokan menjadi 6 grup, dengan beberapa kecamatan yang memiliki indeks kemiripan yang tinggi (100%). Penelitian ini menjadi studi awal dalam monitoring hama lalat buah di Kecamatan Sumbang.References
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