Thus, once planting brown yields are double. Sapodilla consists of several types. Besides sawo manila, there is betawi, sapon kulon, sapodat rust, sapodilla pinang, and sapodilla. Types that can be seeded are sapodilla, sapon kulon, and sapodilla rust.
Sawo Manila is a little different. The fruit is oval or ovoid with a diameter of about 6-7 cm and a length of 10 cm. The rind of the young fruit is dark brown and rough, while the old one turns into light brown and smooth. Light brown or reddish brown flesh.
The young fruit is gummy and tastes sweet, while the ripe fruit tastes sweet, not sepat and non-gummy. Usually in each fruit there are 3-5 seeds. The seeds are black.
Brown fruit is eaten fresh, but the sap is still often attached to the mouth.
Ripe fruit can be made fresh or as an ice cream mixture, but has not been commercially cultivated. The wood is not good for building materials, but carved carvings are often made, especially the sapodilla wood which is expensive. This wood is not good enough to be used as firewood.
Growing Requirements
Manila plants easily adapt to new environmental conditions, from the lowlands to the highlands. However, the preferred area is the lowlands to an altitude of 700 m above sea level. The desired type of soil is sandy loam which contains a lot of organic matter with a pH between 5.5-7. Appropriate rainfall of 1,500-2,500 mm per year (wet climate).Brown plants are resistant to drought with five months of the dry season. Its roots are strong enough so that the sapodilla plant is good for erosion-prone areas. This plant is able to grow in a sheltered or open place so that it is often planted on home soil.
Cultivation Guidelines
In general, sapodilla plants are propagated by grafting or grafting with the rootstock of seedlings. Sapodilla seedlings can be grafted after more than two years old. Sawo species that can be used as rootstocks are sawo kecik Manilkara kauki (L.) Dubart. Sapodilla kecik is small and tastes sweet, but it doesn't sell well in the market. The seeds are quite pithy. The making of thegraft is rather long, about four months has just taken root. Propagation that is easily done by connecting the shoots.The location to be planted must be cleared of weeds, especially weeds. Make a planting hole measuring 6o cm x 6o cm x 40 cm with a gap between holes 6-12 cm. Each planting hole is given manure that has been "cooked" as much as 10-20 kg. Sawtosa grafting can be planted with heights reaching 70 cm or more. After the seedlings are planted in the planting hole, the hole is immediately covered with topsoil (fertile soil) and watered sufficiently.
NPK fertilizer is given between 25-2,000 g per tree, depending on its age. Sapodilla plants usually bloom throughout the year, but most flowers usually appear in June-July. Sapodilla plants from grafted seeds start to bear fruit at the age of 3-5 years. Pruning in sapodilla plants is not usual.
Pests and Diseases
Pests that often attack sapodilla are fruit flies (Dacus dorsalis) which attack fruit. This liquid fruit sucking pest causes the fruit to harden or white deposits often arise in the fruit.The quality of the fruit will decrease if attacked by this pest. Another pest is a branch borer (Niponoclea albata) which pits a sapling branch or branches until the branches die. The disease that usually attacks is cancer or branch rot. This disease attacks the stem or branches until the plant dies. The reason is the malignant fungus Corticium salmonicolor.
A typical symptom is a branch that is attacked by wet rot accompanied by pink mycelium coming out of the skin. Spraying of pesticides on sapodilla is rarely done.
However, to prevent fruit fly pests, infusion can be done on the stem. Infusion can be done through a small hole made in the stem. Insecticide solution is inserted into the hole through a plastic pipe.
Sapodilla fruit can be harvested after full age. Fruit ready to harvest is marked with a yellowish color that appears after the skin is rubbed slightly. Fruit sap decreases after old age. Although at any time sapodilla plants can bear fruit, but the harvest occurs between December-February.
At present, yields can reach more than 2,000 fruits / trees / year. After the fruit is harvested, the skin is carefully rubbed with a soft cloth and washed thoroughly. The fruit will ripen after steaming for 2-3 days. (int)
- https://hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/morton/sapodilla.html
- Yudianto (2020). Keistimewaan buah sawo manila Dari Pare. [ONLINE] Available at: . [Last Accessed 21 august 2020].