Cryptocurrency dalam Perdagangan Berjangka Komoditi di Indonesia Perspektif Hukum Islam
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21111/tsaqafah.v16i1.3663Keywords:
Kata Kunci, Cryptocurrency, Bitcoin, Perdagangan Berjangka Komoditi, Kontrak Derivatif Syariah.Abstract
AbstractCryptocurrency is virtual money that does not have a physical form or concrete form in cyberspace. One of the few types of crypto money is bitcoin. The use of bitcoin as a means of payment in e-commerce lately has become increasingly widespread and unstoppable, even though the government has banned the practice. In early 2019, the government of Indonesia issued regulations regarding the legalization of bitcoin (crypto assets) in Commodity Futures Trading. The dual function of bitcoin as a commodity and exchange tool raises the pros and cons of scholars and economists. This study aims to obtain answers about bitcoin and cryptocurrencies, its usage in commodity futures trading according to the perspective of Islamic law and bitcoin’s chance as sharia commodity in Indonesia. The theory applied is a theory of legitimate and vanity business transactions in Islam. This research is a literature study and is qualitative. The data analysis technique used is descriptive-analytical with normative juridical Islamic law approach. This research found that cryptocurrency can be traded in Islamic commodity exchanges, provided that the State issues or create their cryptocurrencies whose price depends on gold or the country's currency. Bitcoin cannot be used as a commodity in Sharia Derivative Contracts in Indonesia, because it contains a lot of speculation, may and is vulnerable to use for illegal activities. Bitcoin is ḥarâm lighairihi or haram because of external factors, so it should be avoided.Keywords: Cryptocurrency, Bitcoin, Commodity Futures Trading, Sharia Derivative Contracts.AbstrakCryptocurrency adalah mata uang virtual yang tidak memiliki bentuk fisik atau wujud konkrit dan terdapat di dunia maya. Salah satu dari beberapa macam uang kripto yaitu bitcoin. Penggunaan bitcoin sebagai alat pembayaran dalam transaksi jual beli online belakangan ini semakin marak, meski pemerintah telah melarang praktek tersebut. Pada awal tahun 2019, pemerintah Indonesia telah menerbitkan peraturan tentang dilegalkannya bitcoin (kripto aset) dalam Perdagangan Berjangka Komoditi. Dwifungsi bitcoin sebagai komoditas dan alat tukar transaksi online memunculkan pro dan kontra di kalangan ulama dan pakar ekonomi. Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh jawaban seputar mata uang kripto sebagai komoditas di Indonesia dan bagaimana peluang bitcoin sebagai subjek dalam komoditi syariah di Bursa Komoditi. Teori yang diterapkan adalah teori transaksi bisnis yang sah dan batil dalam Islam. Penelitian ini merupakan studi pustaka dan bersifat kualitatif. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif analitis dengan pendekatan hukum Islam yuridis normatif. Dari penelitian ini didapatkan hasil bahwa cryptocurrency dapat diperdagangkan dalam bursa komoditi syariah dengan syarat, negara melindungi perdagangan tersebut dengan payung hukum serta menerbitkan mata uang kripto dimana penetapan harganya bersandar pada emas atau mata uang negara tersebut. Bitcoin tidak bisa dijadikan komoditas dalam Kontrak Derivatif Syariah di Indonesia, karena bitcoin masih mengandung spekulasi, maysîr dan rentan digunakan untuk kegiatan ilegal. Bitcoin hukumnya ḥarâm lighairihi atau haram karena faktor luar, maka sebaiknya dihindari.Kata Kunci: Cryptocurrency, Bitcoin, Perdagangan Berjangka Komoditi, Kontrak Derivatif Syariah.Downloads
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