Tasfiyah: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam

Reviving Islamic Civilization in the Late Period of Abbasid: A Historical Analysis of the Madrasa al-Mustanṣiriyya

Ihwan Agustono — 2024-08-01

The spirit of education was renewed in the age of the Prophet Muhammad saw. through a talaqqī method in the Majlis that used to be conducted in the mosque. This system then improved over time, particularly during the Abbasid era, when many educational institutes were built to preserve Islamic civilization. The Madrasa al-Mustanṣiriyya, constructed in 1234 AD during the reign of al-Mustanṣir Billah, is one of the most renowned institutions. This madrasah is well-known for its complete system. This study aims to demonstrate the educational system's role in promoting civilization through the Madrasa al-Mustanṣiriyya, which will be discussed first on the social dimension in the era of al-Mustanṣir Billah in order to comprehend the establishment of Madrasa Mustanṣiriyya, its educational system, and its collapse. Thus, the qualitative method will be employed in this work, along with a historical study approach gleaned from books, journals, and related publications. This research discovered that the purpose of Madrasa al-Mustanṣiriyya, which was established during the declining age of the Abbasid, was to restore the majesty of this dynasty. Despite the chaos, the Caliph successfully developed the spirit of science and education through the Madrasa al-Mustanṣiriyya. Furthermore, it provides facilities for academic support through the waqf system. Unfortunately, the Mongol invasion of Baghdad succeeded in destroying it.

Al-Ghazali’s Thought on Creative Thinking

Much Hasan Darojat — 2024-08-01

This article aims to discuss the model of creativity initiated by al-Ghazali. His contribution on creative thinking seems relevant to be studied as an answer to the problem of cheese and stagnant thinking to solve various problems. Creativity that boils down to the ability of reason is not just a creation to seek something new, but there is a divine element emitted to the human mind. Therefore, in facing the problems of the Ummah that arise, creative solutions are needed that are in line with Islamic teachings. However, what happens in society most problems cannot be resolved and even tend to end in conflicts and conflicts between groups. In presenting this concept, al-Ghazali analyzed al-Asmā’ al-Ḥusnās theological terms such as al-Khāliq, al-Bāri’, al-Muṣawwir, al-Badī’. Then relate to other aspects with the power of the internal senses such as common sense, thinking, imagination, estimation, and memory. This article is a literature review that applies qualitative methods through content analysis to express what is written in al-Ghazali’s works. Two findings in this study. First, al-Ghazali’s concept of creativity is principled from al-Asmā’ al-Ḥusnā which is implemented by humans in everyday life by following what is exemplified by Allah, the Almighty, in His attributes. Man’s potential to think creatively follows God’s creativity in creating His creatures. Second, human creativity can be seen from the role and results of the relationship between the five senses and the internal senses of a human being which continues to be developed in daily activities. These two senses work together to show humans the process of how to perceive the surrounding reality and then create to develop it. This implies sincerity in utilizing creativity in thinking to provide solutions to mankind to various problems in life.

Pemikiran Etika Perang Imām al-Shawkānī: Analisis Teori Just War dan Relevansi Konflik Israel-Palestina

Maghza Rizaka — 2024-08-03

This research analyzes Imām al-Shawkānī’s thoughts on war ethics within the Just War theory perspective, using the book “Nayl al-Awṭār.” The Israel-Palestine conflict is seen as an example of the abuse of power in just war ethics to the detriment of Palestinian civilians. Just War theory emphasises justice, proportionality and protection of civilians, yet Israel's military operations often violate these principles. Imām al-Shawkānī's thought in Nayl al-Awṭār had an Islamic perspective that emphasised justice and humanity in war. Integrating Just War principles with al-Shawkānī's ethics of war can provide a strong ethical framework to evaluate military actions in the Israel-Palestine conflict and seek a more just solution. Through a library research method and descriptive analysis, this study aims to contribute to the explanation of the connection between religion, ethics, and armed conflict, while promoting international peace and justice. Its practical implications highlight the significance of strengthening Islamic values in facing foreign cultural dominance, while its contemporary relevance underscores the necessity of upholding international law and human rights conventions in addressing armed conflicts. Thus, this research not only provides new insights into the ethics of war in Islam but also highlights the importance of actions to uphold humanity and justice in global armed conflicts.

HAMKA's Thoughts on the Integration of Islamic Values and Indonesian Nationalism

Erwin Erwin — 2024-08-03

The article focuses on the integration of Islamic values and Indonesian nationalism as interpreted by Hamka. In contemporary Indonesian society, there is a recurring tension between religious values and national identity, often resulting in societal discord and fragmented national unity. The purpose of this study is to analyze and elucidate Hamka’s perspectives on the harmonization of Islamic teachings and Indonesian nationalism. By examining Hamka’s works and thoughts, the study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how Islamic values can coexist and support the principles of Indonesian nationalism. The method used in this research is a descriptive-analytical method with an integration and interconnection approach. The primary data used in this research are Hamka's works. At the same time, the secondary data in this research are books, journal articles, and other websites that discuss Hamka's thoughts. The results showed that in applying and integrating Islamic values in the frame of nationality and Indonesianness, Hamka divided it into three main thoughts. First, Islam and the vision of humanity. The vision of Islam is a religion for all mankind and humanity and religion for the next generation, so that religious da'wah is sustainable, renewed, and emphasized to oneself the family, and society; Second, nationality and freedom. The spirit of nationality arises from true faith and does not break away from the roots of "tawhid"; Third, Indonesianness and welfare.

Abu Hamid Al-Ghazali's Perspective on Authority and Religion

Nur Hadi Ihsan — 2024-08-16

This article explores the concept of authority and its relationship with religion, addressing various aspects and theories related to both. This concept is significant as it touches on essential elements of society. In faciliting the research process, the researcher employs a descriptive and analytical method with a philosophical basis. As a result, the study finds a connection between authority in al-Ghazali's view and other concepts, such as justice, which ultimately leads to happiness. Authority is necessary in social life as a means to achieve happiness for both individuals and society. This reflects what can be described as the ideal society concept in al-Ghazali's perspective. Al-Ghazālī proposes that an ideal society is a blend of worldly reality and spirituality, where power must be exercised according to religious teachings by leaders who embody magnanimity, in order to achieve happiness and justice within the community.

Landasan Filosofis Integrasi Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Agama

Anisa Alya Rahma — 2024-09-09

This article aims to examine and formulate a model for integrating religious knowledge with general science, focusing on the ontological, epistemological, and axiological foundations. In the context of modern secularism, which has led to the separation of religion and scientific knowledge, this research seeks to restore spiritual values within scientific inquiry and integrate the two disciplines to create knowledge that is not value-free. The research method used by the author is a qualitative approach with a type of library research with data collection methods by conducting documentation studies by examining primary and secondary sources in the form of books and scientific articles. The results of this study concluded that the integration of science is an effort to combine religious science and general science by incorporating religious values into it and looking for similarities between the two. Integration is done to make science not free of moral values and create good human beings who are in accordance with the two functions of human creation, namely as khalifah and good servants of Allah. The philosophical bases of science integration include ontological, epistemological and axiological bases. From the ontological basis, the relationship between the highest reality, namely God, and the lowest reality, namely creatures, has a close and inseparable relationship. Epistemologically, the source of general and religious knowledge comes from one source, namely God, who then provides means or tools of knowledge in the form of reason and the five senses, as a tool for obtaining knowledge and Islamic epistemology recognizes the means of knowledge in the form of intuition to achieve metaphysical-immaterial knowledge, where this method of intuition is in the form of inspiration and revelation. And axiologically, the integration of general science and religious science gives birth to science that is not value-free, so that it can make the development of science consistent with moral values in accordance with religion and the Qur'an, which gives birth to benefits in the world and the hereafter in the form of material, intellectual and spiritual enjoyment in humans who are a unity between body and spirit.

Al-Tasawuf wa Azmah al-Mustadāmah: Muqārabah Muta’addidah al-Takhaṣṣuṣāt Li Idārah al-Nufāyāt fī Indonesia Mustawḥāt min Mafhūm al-Khilāfah fī Rasāil al-Nūr

Moh. Isom Mudin — 2024-08-01

This research explores the relationship between the concept of Khilafah in the Risale-i Nur and the "Zero Waste" movement in Indonesia. The study utilizes a literature review, including a compilation of Risale-I Nur, data from the Zero Waste program in Indonesia's National Waste Management Information System (SIPSN), and related literature. This data is then qualitatively analyzed and subjected to content analysis to describe the relevance and implications of it concept on the Indonesia Zero Waste movement. The research demonstrates that the concept of Khilafah transcends the anthropocentric and ecocentric perspectives, emphasizing human responsibility towards the environment. The research further illustrates how the concept of Khilafah utilizes the "Law of Purification" as a foundation for the "Zero Waste" concept. Despite the progress made by Indonesia in waste management, significant challenges remain. The research highlights the role of the Khilafah concept in fostering religious awareness and sensitivity within the "Zero Waste" movements. It elucidates that the connection between the Nursian Khilafah and the "Zero Waste" movements constitutes a religious basis and sensitivity that requires continuous attention. The research is expected to provide profound insights into the potential of the Nursian Khilafah in addressing waste problems and supporting the "Zero Waste" movement in Indonesia