Al-Kulaini's Canonization of Al-Kafi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21111/tasfiyah.v6i1.7620Keywords:
Canonization, Authority, Hadith, Shia, Al-Kāfī, Al-KulainiAbstract
This study discusses the history of the authority of the kitab al-Kāfī in the canonization frame. The authority of a religious text is not formed instantly, but there are factors behind it, like the kitab al-Kāfī, which is the best book of hadith among the kutub al-arba'ah in the Shia community. These factors involve many parties and run for a long time. To see the process of canonizing the authority of kitab Al-Kāfī, this study uses Keith Ward's theory about the periodization of the development of religious scriptures in the world. This study discovers three findings. First, the condition of the Shia community which experienced a crisis of hadith literature in the 4th century made the book of Al-Kāfī quickly gain high authority because it became the need of society at that time. In addition, there are Shia scholars mainly from the Akhbāriah group who are aggressive in spreading, strengthening, and sanctifying the authenticity of the hadith of al-Kāfī. Kulaini's position as a marja' taqlid and the perfection of the systematic writing of al-Kāfī also helped strengthen his authority. Even al-Kāfī received recognition from Imam al-Mahdi (through his messenger), which is a book that meets the needs of the Shia community. Second, there are those rulers who support the canonization process of al-Kāfī's authority, including the rulers of Buwaihiah in the mutaqaddimīn era, the rulers of Ṣafawiah in the mutaakhirīn era, and perfected in the mu'aṣirīn era by the government of the Shia Republic of Iran.References
Bahrāni Al-, Yusuf bin Ahmad, Lu’lu’ al-Bahrain Fī al-Ijāzat au at-Tarājim Li Rijāli al-hadīs wa al-Aṡar, Tahqiq: Bahrul Ulum, Najf: Maṭba’ah an-Nu’mān, 1969. Brown, Jonathan, The Canonization of al-Bukhari and Muslim: The Formation and Function of the Sunni Hadis Canon, Leiden: Koninklijke Brill, 2007. Decker, Doris, “The Love Of Prophet Muhammad For Jewish Woman Rayhana bint Zayd: Transformation and Continuity in Gender Conception in Classical Islamic Historiography and Ahadis Literature”, eds. Nevin Reda dan Yasmin Amin, Islamic Interpretive Tradition and Gender Justice , (London: McGill University Press, 2020) Gaffār al-, Abd al-Rasūl, al-Kulainī wa al-Kāfī, (Qum: Muassasah an-Nasr al-Islami, 1416) Ḥabīb, Ṡāmir Hāsyim, al-Syaikh al-Kulainī al-Bagdādī wa Kitābuhu al-Kāfī, (Qum: Maktab al-I’lām al-Islāmī, 1414 H) Ḥasanī al-, Hāsyim Ma’rūf, Dirāsah fī al-Ḥadīṣ wa al-Muḥaddiṡīn, (Beirut: Dar at-Ta’aruf, tt) Ḥillī al-, Jamāluddin, Rijāl ‘Allāmah al-Hillī (Najaf: Mathbaah al-Haidariyyah, 1381 H) Kulainī al-, Muḥammad bin Ya‘qūb al-Kāfī, al-Madkhal (Qum: Dar al-Ḥadīṡ, 1429) Kunturī Al-, I’jaz Husain al-Naisābūrī, Kasyf al-Ḥujub wa al-Astār ‘An Asmā’ al-Kutub wa al-Asfār, (Qum: Maktabah Ayatullah al-Udhma al-mar’asyi, 1411 H) Levinson, J.M Balkin and Sanford, Legal Canon, (New York: New York University Press, 2000) Ma’tuq, Rosyad Abbas, al-Hayāh al-Ilmiyyah fi al-Irāq Khilal al-Ashr al-Buwaihi, Makkah: Ummul Qura University, 1990. Mahdawī, Muḥammad ‘Alī, “Dirāsah Fī Taṭawwur Ḥarakah Tadwīn Wa Nasyri al-Ḥadīṡ Fī al-‘Aṣri al-Ṣafawī”, Majalah Insaniyyah Iran, Nomor 13, Tahun 2006. Majlisi al-, Muhammad Bagir, Bihārul Anwār, Beirut: Muassasah al-Wafa’, 1403 H. Majlisī al-, Muḥammad Bāqir, Mir’at al-‘Uqūl, Muqaddimah, (Teheran: Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyyah, 1404 H) Muaddib, Ridha, Tārikh al-Hadīs, Qum: Amiran, 1431 H. Muchtar, Amin, Mahkota Syī’ah, Bandung: Sigabah Publika, 2015. Mufīd al-, Taṣḥīḥ I’tiqādāt al-Imāmiyah, (Qum: Mu’tamar al-Alamy Lialfiyyati as-Syeikh al-Mufīd, 1413 H) Muhājir al-, Ja’far, al-Hijrah al-‘Ālamīyah Ilā Irān fī al-‘Aṣri al-Ṣafawī, (Beirut: Dar ar-Raudāh, 1989) Muẓaffar al-, Abdul Ḥusain, Muqaddimah Uṣūl al-Kāfī, juz.I (Teheran: Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyyah, tt) Newman, Andrew J., “The Akhbāri-Uṣūli Dispute: in Late Safawid Iran”, Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, London: University of London, 1992. Newman, Andrew J., The Formative Period of Twelver Shi'ism: Hadith as Discourse Between Qum and Baghdad, (Surrey: Curzon Press, 2000) Rohmah, Noer, Psikologi Agama, (Surabaya: Jakad Media Publishing, 2020) Ṣāliḥ, Jalāludīn Muḥammad, Wilāyah al-Faqīh Wa Isykalīyat al-Sulṭah al-Siyāsah, (Riyadh: Maktabah al-Qanun Wa al-Iqtishad, 2015) Smith, Wilfred Cantwell, Kitab Suci Agama-Agama, terj. Dede Iswadi, (Jakarta: Penerbit Teraju, 2005) Subhāni, Ja’far, Uṣūl al-Hadis wa Ahkāmuhu fi Ilmi ad-Dirāyah, (Mesir: Dar Ihya Turas al-Araby, tt) Suzkin, Fuad, Tārīkh al-Turāṡ al-‘Arabī (Riyadh: Idarah ats-Tsaqafiyyah, 1991) Syamsy al-, Ahmed, The Canonization of Islamic Law, A Social and Intellectual History, (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2013) Syaraf al-, Alī Zuhair Hāsyim “al-Ḥaqbah at-Ta’sīsīyah li al-Tasyayyu’ al-Iṡna al-‘Asyari: Ḥiwār al-Ḥadīṡ Baina Qum wa al-Bagdād Ta’līf al-Duktūr Andrew J Newman ‘Arḍ wa Dirāsah”, Tārīkh al-Tasyayyu’, Vol 1, No. 2, Tahun 2019, 46-47. Tehrani at-, Agha Buzurg, al-Żarī’ah, (Beirut: Dar al-Adhwa, 1403 H) Ṭuraiḥī al-, Fakhruddīn, Jāmi’ al-Maqāl Fī Mā Yata’allaq Fī Aḥwāl al-Ḥadīṡ Wa al--Rijāl, (Beirut: Muassasah at-Tārīkh al-Arabi, 2011) Turner, Colin, al-Tasyayyu’ wa al-Taḥawwul fī al-‘Aṣri al-Ṣafawī, terj. Husain ‘Alī ‘Abd al-Satir, (Baghdad: Kafah Huquq an-Nashr, 2008) Ṭūsī al-, Abū Ja’far Muḥammad bin Ḥasan, Fihrisat Kutub al-Syī’ah wa Uṣūlihim, (Qum: Maktabah al-Muhaqqiq ath-Thaba’thaba’ī, 1420 H) Ulūm al-, Baḥr, al-Fawā’id al-Rijālīyah, (Maktabah al-Ilmaini, tt) Ward, Keith, The Case For Religion, (Oxford: Oneworld Publication, 2004) Wardi al-, Ali, “al-Daulah al-Ṣafawīyah wa al-Tasyayyu’”, ed. ‘Ali al-Wardi, al-Ṣafawīyah al-Tārīkh wa al-Ṣirā’ wa al-Rawāsib, (Dubai: Markaz al-Misbar, 2011) https://aminabd.wordpress.com/2010/06/20/mempertautkan-ulum-al-diin-al-fikr-al-islamiy-dan-dirasat-islamiyyah-sumbangan-keilmuan-islam-untuk-peradaban-global/ (diakses 5 April 2017). http://www.paulyonline.brill.nl/entries/brill-dictionary-of-religion/canoncanonization-COM_00059?s.num=3#d49538836e14 (diakses tanggal 25 April 2016). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_A.C._Brown (diakses 19 April 2016). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keith_Ward, (diakses 01 Maret 2020)
Downloads
Submitted
Accepted
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
- The copyright of received articles shall be assigned to Tasfiyah: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam as the publisher of the journal. The intended copyright includes the right to publish articles in various forms (including reprints). Tasfiyah: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam maintain the publishing rights to the published articles.
- Authors are permitted to disseminate published article by sharing the link/DOI of the article at Tasfiyah: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam. authors are allowed to use their articles for any legal purposes deemed necessary without written permission from Tasfiyah: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam with an acknowledgement of initial publication to this journal.
- Users/public use of this website will be licensed to CC BY-NC-SA (Attribution & Non-Commercial-ShareAlike)
