The Urgency of Religious Education and its Implications for the Concept of Human in the Islamic Worldview

Authors

  • Dedy Irawan Universitas Darussalam Gontor Ponorogo

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21111/at-tadib.v15i1.4882

Keywords:

Religious Education, Spirit (Rūh), Psychoanalysis, Behaviorism, Humanism

Abstract

This paper departs from the problem of education in Islamic countries, especially Indonesia, which began secular by changing religious education as private matter. This is caused by the westernization of knowledge which has been spread by the West since colonialism and has been influential until now. This is all due to the fact that Muslim scientists themselves are lack of understanding on the differences in human concepts in the perspectives of Islam and the West, even though both have different human notions. This is due to the different sources of knowledge between Islam and the West, so that it affects the difference in perspective between the two in viewing humans. The source of knowledge in the West itself is only adopted from "ratio and senses", while the source of knowledge in Islam comes from not only from "ratio and senses" but also from "khabar sadiq (al-Qur'an and hadith) and intuition. Islam considers that religious education is urgent because it has implications for human concepts. of course this is different from the West where the source of knowledge does not include aspects of religion. That is why through a literature study with descriptive analytic methods, this paper tries to explain the differences in human concepts between the West and Islam, and explains the urgency of religious education and its implications for human concepts in the Islamic worldview. It is hoped that it can be raised in scientific discussions after seeing the proliferation of misconceptions due to the swift flow of Western hegemony in the current millennial era

References

Abdullah, Burlinan. 2000. Ragam Perilaku Manusia Menurut Al-Qur’an, Palembang: PT Kuala Musi Raharja. Al-Ahwaniy, Ahmad Fuad. 1962. al-Falsafah al-Islāmiyah. Kairo: Dār al-Qalām. Al-Attas, Syed Muhammad Naquib. 1993. Islam and Seculerism, Kuala Lumpur: ISTAC, edisi kedua. _____________________________. 2006. Tinjauan Ringkas Peri Ilmu dan Pandangan Alam, Pulau Pinang: Penerbit Universitas Sains Malaysia. _____________________________. 1995 “Prolegomena to The Metaphysics of Islam”. Kuala Lumpur: Prospecta. Al-Ghazali, Abu Hamid. 1980. Ihya’ ulum al-din. Beirut: Dar al-ma’rifah. Juz III. ____________________. 2008. Kimiya’ As-Sa’adah, dalam kitab, Rasa’il Al-Ghazali;Buku Kedua, Terj. Kamran A Irsyadi Jakarta: Diadit Media. Al-Haim, Syihab al-Din Ahmad bin Muhammad. 1992. al-Tibyan fī Tafsīr Garīb al-Qur’ān. al-Qāhirah: Dār al-Sahābah. Al-Jauziah, Ibnu Qayyim. 1986. al-Rūh, Tahqiq: Sayyid Jamili, Beirut: Dar al-Kitab al-Arabi. ____________________. 2000. Ruh li Ibnil Qayyim; Terj. Kathur Suhardi, Jakarta: Pustaka al-Kautsar. Al-Jīlāni, Abd al-Qādir. t.t. Al-Ghunyah lī Thālibi Tharīq al-Haq: fī al-Akhlāk wa al-Tashawuf wa āl-Adab al-Islāmiyah,, Mishr: al-Maktabah al-Sya’biyah. ____________________. t.t. Sirr al-Asrār wa Mazhar al-Anwār, Mishr: Mathba’ah al-Bahīyah al-Misrīyah. Al-Jili, Abdul Karim. 1997. al-Insān al-Kāmil fī Ma’rifati al-Awākhir wa al-Awāil, Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-Ilmiyah. Al-Syati’, Aisyah bint. 1999. Manusia dalam Perspektif al-Qur’an, terj. Ali Zawawi Jakarta: Pustaka Firdaus. Bagus, Lorens. 2005. Kamus Filsafat. Jakarta: PT. Gramedia Pustaka Utama. Barnadib, Imam. 1997. Filsafat Pendidikan, Sistem dan Metode, Yogyakarta: Andi Ofset. Bastaman, Hanna Djumhana. 1994. Dimensi Spritualitas Dalam Teori Psikologi, dalam Ulumul Qur’an no. 4 vol. V. _______________________. 1995. Integrasi Psikologi dengan Islam: Menuju Psikologi Islami, Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar. _______________________.‘1994. Dimensi Spiritual dalam Teori Psikologi Kontemporer: Logoterapi Victor E. Frankal’, dalam Jurnal Ulum al-Qur`an, No.03, Vol. V. Bastaman. 1994. “Dari Antroposentris ke Antropo-Religus-Sentris; Telaah Kritis atas Psikologi Humanistik” Dalam Mengembangkan Paradigma Psikologi Islami, Yogyakarta: Sipress. Borchert, Donald M. (Ed). 2006. Encyclopedia of Philosophy. USA: Thomson Gale. Daud, Wan Moh Nor Wan. 2003. Filsafat dan Praktik Pendidikan Islam Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas, terj. Hamid Fahmy Zarkasyi dkk. Bandung : Mizan. Freud, Sigmund. 1920. A General Introduction To The Psychoanalysis, Massachusetts: Clark University. Freud, Sigmund. 1958. On Creativity and Unconscious, New York: Harper & Row. Fuad, Nashori. 2002. Agenda Psikologi Islam, Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar. Goldenson, Robert M. 1995. The Encyclopedia of Human Behavior, (New York: Doubleday & Company. Hamka, 2015. Tasawuf Modern, Jakarta: Republika. Hamka, 2016. Pandangan Hidup Muslim, Jakarta: Gema Insani. Hanack, Justus. 1968. Kant’s Theory of Knowledge, Pen. M. Holmes, London: Macmilan. Hasan, Muhammad Tholchah. 2004. Dinamika Kehidupan Religius, Jakarta:Listafariska Putra. Hasibuan, Baharuddin. 2004. Paradigma Psikologi Islami: Studi tentang Elemen Psikologi dari al-Qur’an, Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar. Hasibuan, Baharuddin. 2007. Paradigma Psikologi Islam. Yogyakarta: Pustakan Pelajar. https://sinarpagiindonesia.com/2017/06/17/politikus-pdip-pendidikan-agama-diindonesia-dihapus-saja-supaya-maju/ Husaini, Adian et. al. 2013. Filsafat Ilmu Perspektif Barat dan Islam, Jakarta: Gema Insani. Kartono, Kartini. 1999. Kamus Lengkap Psikologi, Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada Karzon, Dr. Anas Ahmad. 2010. “Tazkiyatun Nafs, Gelombang Penyucian Jiwa Menurut Quran dan Sunnah”. Terj. Emiel Threeska. Jakarta : Akbar Media. Kholil, Ahmad. 2007. Merengkuh Bahagia Perspektif Tasawuf dan Psikologi, Malang: UIN-Maliki Press. King, Laura A. 2010. Psikologi Umum Sebuah Pandangan Apresiatif, Jakarta: Salemba Humanika. Langgulung, Hasan. 2004. Manusia dan Pendidikan: Suatu Analisa Psikologi, Filsafat dan Pendidikan, Jakarta: Pustaka Al Husna Baru. Lindzey, Calvin S. Hall and Gardner. 1970. Theories of Personality, New York: John Wiley and Sond. Cet.II. Lucca, Jhon De (Ed.). 1972. Reason And Experience: Dialogues in Modern Philoshopy. San Francisco: Freeman Cooper & CO. Dikutip dari buku : Maksum, Ali. 2003. Tasawuf Sebagai Pembebasan Manusia Modern, Surabaya: Pustaka Pelajar. Mahmud,Ali Abdul Halim. 2002. Pendidikan Ruhani. Jakarta : Gema Insani. Malisi, M. Ali Sibram. 2012. Konsep Manusia dalam Al-Qur’an, Jurnal Tasamuh, Vol 4, No. 2. Matsumoto, David. 2009. The Cambridge Dictionary Of Psychology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Mubarok, Ahmad. 2002. Pendakian Menuju Allah, Bertasawuf dalam Hidup Sehari-hari, Jakarta: Khazanah Baru. Muslih, M. Kholid et. Al. 2018. Worldview Islam: Pembahasan tetnttang Konsep-Konsep Penting dalam Islam, Ponorogo: Pusat Islamisasi Ilmu dan UNIDA Gontor Press. Mustafa. 2007. Perbedaan Pendidikan Islam dan Pendidikan Barat dari Sudut Metodologi Keilmuan. Jurnal IQRA’ Volume 3 Januari - Juni. Nashori, Djamaludin Ancok dan Fuad. 1994. Psikologi Islami; Solusi Islam atas Problem-Problem Psikologi, Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar. Nasution, Harun, dalam Abdul Halim Soebahar. 2002. Wawasan Baru Pendidikan Islam .Jakarta: Kalam Mulia. Quasem, M. Abul. 1988. Etika Al-Ghazali, terj. J. Mahyudin, Bandung: Pustaka. Quthb, Muhammad. 1993. Manhāj al-Tarbiyah al-Islāmiyah. Mishr: Dār al-Syurūq. Rahardjo, M. Dawam. 1996. Ensiklopedi al-Qur’an Tafsir Sosial Berdasarkan Konsep-konsep Kunci, Jakarta: Paramadina. Reber, Arthur. 1985. Dictionary of Psychology, New York: Penguin Books. Saefuddin, A.M. dkk. 2010. On Islamic Civilization ; Menyalakan Kembali Lentera Peradaban Islam Yang Sempat Padam, Laode M. Kamaluddin (Ed), Semarang: UNISSULA PRESS. Schultz, D. 1972. Theories of Personality, California: Cole Publishing Company. Shihab, M.Quraish. 1996. Wawasan al-Qur’an, Bandung: Mizan. Snowden, Ruth. 2000. Freud: A Beginner’s Guide, London: Hodder & Stoughton. Statt, David A. 1998. The Concise Dictionary Of Psychology, New York: Routledge. Suralaga, Fadilah dkk. 2005. Psikologi Pendidikan dalam Perspektif Islam, Jakarta: UIN Jakarta Press. Susanto,A. 2009. Pemikiran Pendidikan Islam, Jakarta: Amzah. Syafi’ie, Imam. 1992. Konsep Guru Menurut Al-Ghazali; Pendekatan Filosofis Paedagogis, Yogyakarta: Duta Pustaka. Tafsir, Ahmad. 2006. Filsafat Pendidikan Islami ; Integrasi Jasmani, Rohani dan Kalbu Memanusiakan manusia. Bandung: PT Remaja Rosdakarya. Yazdi, Mishbah. 1381. Amuzesy ‘Aqaid. Qum: Syerkat-e Cap wa Nasyr-e Bain al-Milal. Cetakan Ketujuh.

Downloads

Published

2020-06-12

How to Cite

Irawan, D. (2020). The Urgency of Religious Education and its Implications for the Concept of Human in the Islamic Worldview. At-Ta’dib, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.21111/at-tadib.v15i1.4882