Darussalam Medical Journal

Analysis of Differences in Work Fatigue based on Gas Station Operator Work Shift

2024-12-21T14:44:09+07:00

Operators of public refueling stations (SPBU) are exposed to continuous fatigue obtained after work where one of the factors is excessive working hours. Operators at three Ponorogo gas stations have three different work shifts, where the working hours between the three work shifts are different, with night shifts that have the longest working hours, namely 10 working hours, and day shifts with the fastest working hours, namely 7 working hours. Excessive working hours can result in negative effects on gas station operators, including increased fatigue and unhealthy living behaviors, reduced performance and reaction time, thus increasing the likelihood of injury and accidents. The purpose of this study was to look for differences in work fatigue between the three work shifts applied by ponorogo regency gas stations. Researchers used random sampling to 46 operators at 3 gas stations in Ponorogo. Data collection techniques use the Sweedish Occupational Fatigue Inventory (SOFI). The analysis used the Annova One-way test (p<0.005). The results showed a significant difference in work fatigue between the three work shifts with (p-value <0.005). The conclusion was the difference in work fatigue of gas station operators between the three work shifts, with the highest fatigue rate in night shifts.

Dermatitis Kontak Alergi Akibat Bahan Kosmetik

2024-12-25T09:09:02+07:00

Allergic contact dermatitis is an inflammatory skin reaction due to direct skin contact with an allergen. Allergic contact dermatitis occurs due to the presence of reactive compounds that trigger an innate and adaptive immune response. The incidence of contact dermatitis is higher in women compared to men, as women tend to be more exposed to cosmetic ingredients and personal care products. Almost all cosmetic ingredients can cause allergic contact dermatitis. The diagnosis of DKA begins with a history taking that focuses on a history of exposure to the causative agent and a family history of possible atopy, as well as
a clinical assessment that follows the progression of the disease over time. The definitive treatment of allergic contact dermatitis involves identifying and avoiding the underlying cause. Patients should be educated about the substance they are allergic to and advised on how to avoid further exposure to the substance. Topical corticosteroids have been shown to be effective for the treatment of contact dermatitis if the underlying allergen has been avoided. The prognosis of patients with contact dermatitis depends on the cause and lifestyle. Isolated cases often resolve if exposure to the causative agent is stopped. Treatment of the underlying skin condition (e.g., atopic dermatitis, psoriasis) should also be optimized.

Regulasi Transkripsi dan Pasca Transkripsi pada Ekspresi Gen

2024-12-25T09:00:33+07:00

Transcription and post-transcription regulation is a fundamental process in controlling gene expression that allows cells to adapt to environmental changes
while maintaining homeostasis. Disruption of this regulation can lead to various genetic diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. The aim of this article is to examine the mechanisms of transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation, and their implications in molecular biology and biomedicine. The article uses a literature review approach, by collecting data from PubMed, ScienceDirect, and NCBI databases. Analyses were conducted to identify key elements, such as promoters, enhancers, silencers, RNA polymerase II, as well as transcription stages, including initiation, elongation, and termination, to post-transcriptional mechanisms such as capping, tailing, and splicing. The review shows that transcription regulation starts from the formation of a preinitiation complex involving transcription factors and RNA polymerase II. During elongation, RNA synthesis is carried out with a high degree of processivity. At the post-transcription stage, modifications such as the addition of 7-methylguanosine at the 5‘ end and polyadenylation at the 3’ end increase the stability of the mRNA. In addition, splicing mechanisms allow the formation of different proteins from a single gene. This regulation ensures that gene expression occurs at the right time, location and amount as required by the cell. At the post-transcription stage, modifications such as the addition of 7-methylguanosine at the 5‘ end and polyadenylation at the 3’ end increase the stability of the mRNA. Splicing mechanisms allow the formation of different proteins from a single gene. This regulation ensures that gene expression occurs at the right time, location, and amount according to the needs of the cell.

Peran Vitamin D pada Urtikaria

2024-12-25T08:37:19+07:00

Urticaria (hives) is a skin reaction in the form of a rash, patches or bumps that appear red and itchy. Urticaria is divided into two based on the duration of occurrence, which is acute urticarial (AU) with a duration of <6 weeks and chronic urticaria (CU) with a duration of more than 6 weeks. Acute urticaria is often associated with infection or food or drug intake. Chronic urticaria can occur spontaneously, known as chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), when no specific trigger is found. Chronic urticaria can also be associated with systemic disorders or can be induced by obvious stimuli, called chronic induced urticaria (CIndU).Vitamin D is a potential immunomodulator as an alternative therapy for urticaria. The role of vitamin D by modulating the immune system through its active metabolite 1,25(OH)2D, which is indicated by the presence of vitamin D receptors on T cells, B cells, macrophages, monocytes and dendritic cells. Vitamin D supplementation in patients with CU who were deficient in vitamin D significantly reduced the severity of the disease. In patients with vitamin D deficiency, the dose of administration is 7000-10,000 IU/day (175- 250 mcg/day) or 50,000 IU/week (1250 mcg/week), with a duration of 1-3 months and monitoring of serum vitamin D levels at least 8-12 weeks after the first dose is given. The use of high doses of vitamin D (28000 IU/week) as adjunctive therapy has been shown to reduce the severity of CU symptoms and the dose of allergy medication.

Perawatan Kulit pada Bayi Preterm dengan Pemberian Minyak Topikal

2024-12-25T08:17:33+07:00

Preterm birth is a baby born at less than 37 weeks. The skin of preterm babies is different from the skin of aterm babies. Preterm babies have thinner skin that is more susceptible to infection, irritation, fluid loss, electrolyte imbalance and trauma. Good skin care is one of the important components in caring for preterm infants. The use of coconut oil as a topical treatment in preterm infants has positive effects. Coconut oil is made of fatty acids that serve to replace lost lipids in the skin barrier. Coconut oil is also antiseptic and antioxidant. In addition to coconut oil, there is also sunflower seed oil. Topical administration of sunflower seed oil to preterm infants has the effect of better skin integrity and lower risk of nosocomial infection. Sunflower seed oil has a linoleic acid component of about 60%. Linoleic acid has been shown to be a necessary fatty acid to maintain the normal barrier function of the epidermis. The composition and fatty acid content of both oils are the main factors that have a positive effect on the skin.