SULHA THEOLOGICAL FOUNDATION: TRACING KEY CONCEPTS OF RECONCILIATION IN WORLDVIEW OF ISLAM

Penulis

  • Abdullah Rizal Maulana

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21111/dauliyah.v4i1.2931

Kata Kunci:

Sulha, reconciliation, conflict resolution, Worldview of Islam, Palestinian, Hospitality, Repentance, Forgiveness

Abstrak

Sulha is one well-known method of reconciliation owned by Palestinian Society. Historically, Palestinian utilized it to accommodate two hostile tribes in families in a peacemaking process to prevent conflict escalate to the higher level. As a featured local way to harmonize its people, Palestinian have applied Sulha since the very beginning of Palestinian Civilization to nowadays. Unavoidably, Sectarian collision in Palestine always involves three major religious worshippers within the area: Islam, Christian, and Jewish. Considering its vital position in the Palestinian communities, there has been a lot of researches discussing Sulha as an inseparable element of reconciliation method needed by Palestinians to confront Israelis in particular. Sulha, in another word, plays such a crucial role to find the peacemaking process of Palestinian in a better way. Several tasks remaining, however, to validate and strengthen Sulha as a unique method of reconciliation of Palestinian. After reading several kinds of literature, I believe that Sulha is able to be understood in Worldview of Islam; there are numbers of key concepts associated with Sulha in major Islamic literature: mainly al-Qur'an and Hadith. For instance,Hospitality, Repentance, and Forgiveness. This paper will discuss the interrelation of these keywords to Sulha based on the critical reading of ancient literature of Islam and how it should be implemented by Palestinians to enhance and advance Sulha as a method of conflict resolution. Finally, the research question in this article that will be discussed and answered is: “What are the featured key concepts of Sulha in Worldview of Islam and how it should be implemented by Palestinians?”

Referensi

Abu Bakr al-Qurthuby, A. ’Abdullah M. ibn A. ibn. (n.d.). al-Jaami’ li-Ahkaam al-Qur’aan. (A. ’Abd al-Muhsin al-Turkiy, Ed.). Beirut: Resalah Publisher.

Al-Attas, S. M. N. (2001). Prolegomena to the Metaphysics of Islam. Kuala Lumpur: International Insitute of Islamic Civilization ISTAC.

Al-Isfahani, A.-R. (2009). Mufradaat Alfaadzh al-Qur’aan. Damascus: Darul Qalam.

Baqi, M. F. ’Abdul. (1364). Mu’jam Mufahros li-Alfaazh al-Qur’an. Cairo: Matbha’ah Dar al-Kutub al-Mishriyyah.

Ehrman, B. D. (2005). Misquoting Jesus. New York: HarperCollins.

Esposito, J. L. (2016). Islam the Straight Path (5th ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Fairuzzabadi, A. T. Y. (2007). Tanwiir al-Miqbaas min Tafsiir ibn ’Abbas. Cairo: Syirkaah al-Quds li al-Nasyr wa al-Tawzi’.

Fowler, H. W., & Fowler, F. G. (1919). The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Current English. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Gelleman, M. I. (2007). Powerful Cultures: Indigenous and Western Conflict Resolution Processes in Cambodian Peacebuilding. Journal Fo Peace, Conflict and Development, (September), 1–28.

Gellman, M., & Vuinovich, M. (2008). From Sulha to Salaam: Connecting Local Knowledge with International Negotiations for Lasting in Palestine/Israel. Conflict Resolution Quarterly, 26(2), 121–148. https://doi.org/10.1002/crq

Ibn Jariir al-Thabariy, A. J. M. (n.d.). Tafsiir al-Thabariy Jaami’ al-Bayaan ’an Ta’wiil Ay al-Qur’aan. (A. Abd al-Muhsin al-Turkiy, Ed.). Hijr Li-alThibaa’ah wa al-Nasyr wa al-Tawzii’ wa al-I’laan.

Ibnu Katsir, A. al-F. I. ibn ‘Umar. (1997). Tafsir al-Qur’an al-Azhim. al-Mamlakah al-‘Arabiyyah al-Su’uudiyyah: Daar al-Thayyibah Li al-Nasyr wa al-Tawzii’.

Izutsu, T. (1966). Ethico-Religious Concept in the Qur’an. Montreal: McGill University of Islamic Studies.

Katz, N. H. (1989). Conflict Resolution and Peace Studies. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 504(1), 14–21. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716289504001002

Kerr, G. (2016). A Short History of The Middle East From Ancient Empires to Islamic State. (N. Rennison, Ed.). Herts: Oldcastle Books, Ltd.

Kritz, B. A. (2013). Palestinian Ṣulḥa and the Rule of Law. Arab Law Quarterly, 27(2), 151–170. https://doi.org/10.1163/15730255-12341253

Kuhn, T. S. (1996). The Structure of Scientific Revolution. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.

Leaman, O. (1985). An Introduction to Medieval Islamic Philosophy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Mandzur, I. (1119). Lisan al-’Arab. Cairo: Dar El Maaref.

Martin, R. C. (Ed.). (2014). Encyclopedia of Islam and Muslim World. New York: Macmilan Reference USA.

Merriam-Webster, Inc, & Gove, P. B. (1984). Webster’s New Dictionary of Synonyms (Vol. 2). Massachusetts: Merriam-Webster INC. Retrieved from http://books.google.com/books?id=8N4UReTJYhUC&pgis=1

Musa al-Bayhaqi Abu Bakr, A. ibn al-H. ibn ’Ali ibn. (2003). al-Jami’ li Sya’bi al-Imaan. (M. Ahmad al-Nadawi & ’Abd al-’Ali Abd al-Hamid Hamid, Eds.). Maktabah al-Rushd.

Pely, D. (2009). Resolving clan-based disputes using the Sulha, the traditional dispute resolution process of the Middle East. Dispute Resolution Journal, 63(November 2008), 80–88. Retrieved from http://www.sulha.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/03/doron-pely-sulha-article-dispute-resolution-journal.pdf

Pely, D. (2011a). Where East Not Always Meets West: Comparing the Sulha Process to Western-Style Mediation and Arbitration. Conflict Resolution Quarterly, 28(4), 427–440. https://doi.org/10.1002/crq

Pely, D. (2011b). Women in Sulha – excluded yet influential. International Journal of Conflict Management, 22(1), 89–104. https://doi.org/10.1108/10444061111103643

RIchmond, O. P. (2014). Peace a Very Short Introduction (1st ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Safi, L. M. (2011). Religious Freedom and Interreligious Relations in Islam: Reflection on Da’wah and Qur’anic Ethics. The Review of Faith and International Affairs, 9(2), 11–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/15570274.2011.571422

Saxon, E. D. (2018). Peacemaking and Transformative Mediation: Sulha Practices in Palestine and the Middle East. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan.

Smart, N. (1983). Worldviews: Crosscultural Explorations of Human Beliefs. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons.

Tarabeih, H., Shmueland, D., & Khamais, R. (2009). Towards the Implementation of Sulha as Cultural Peacemaking Method for Managing and Resolving Enviromental Conflicts among Arab Palestinians in Israel. Journal of Peacebuilding & Development, 3(1), 50–59.

Tsafrir, N. (1979). Arab Customary Law iin Israel: Sulha Agreements and Israeli Courts. Hofstra Law Review, 7(2), 243–258. https://doi.org/10.3366/ajicl.2011.0005

Wall, T. F. (2001). Thinking Critically About Philosophical Problems. Belmon: Wadsworth Thomson Learning.

Weber, Charles; Galtung, J. (2007). Handbook of Peace and Conflict Studies. https://doi.org/doi:10.4324/9780203089163

##submission.downloads##

Diterbitkan

2019-02-25

Terbitan

Vol 4 No 1 (2019): DAULIYAH (JOURNAL OF ISLAMIC AND INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS)

Bagian

Articles